Joints and Kinesiology

Question 1

Range of Motion

Answer 1

The normal extent of mobility for a specific joint movement.

Question 2

Degrees of Freedom

Answer 2

The number of axes at which movement in a joint occurs/

Question 3

Stability Vs. Mobility

Answer 3

The more mobile a joint the more likely it is to get injuered/

Question 4

3 Types of Joints

Answer 4

Fibrous (Sutures and Fontanels), Cartilaginous (Pubic Symphysis), Synovial (Unilateral, Bilateral, and Multiaxial)

Question 5

Anatomy of a Synovial Joint Superficial to Deep

Answer 5

Ligaments, Joint Capsule, Synovial Membrane, Synovial fluid, Articular cartilage, and Bone

Question 6

Uniaxial Joint Types

Answer 6

Hinge and Pivot

Question 7

Biaxial Joints Types

Answer 7

Condyloid, Saddle, Gliding

Question 8

Multiaxial Type

Answer 8

Ball-and Socket

Question 9

Answer 9

A. Dorsiflexion B. Plantarflexion

Question 10

Answer 10

1. Flexion 2. Extension

Question 11

Answer 11

Up: Abduction Down: Adduction

Question 12

Answer 12

Circumduction

Question 13

Special Movements

Answer 13

supination/pronation, inversion/eversion, opposition, retraction/protraction, elevation/depression

Question 14

Answer 14

Left: Supination Right: Pronation

Question 15

Answer 15

Left: Eversion Right: Inversion

Question 16

Answer 16

Oposition

Question 17

Answer 17

Top: Protraction Bottom: Retraction

Question 18

Answer 18

Left: Elevation Right: Depression

Question 19

A

Answer 19

Humeroulnar Joint

Question 20

B

Answer 20

Humeroradial

Question 21

C

Answer 21

Radialulnar

Question 22

3

Answer 22

Olecranon

Question 23

View

Answer 23

Posterior

Question 24

View

Answer 24

Anterior

Question 25

Answer 25

Trochlea

Question 26

Origin

Answer 26

Muscle's proximal attachment

Question 27

Insertion

Answer 27

Muscle's distal attachment

Question 28

Agonist

Answer 28

Muscle group most directly involved in movement

Question 29

Antagonist

Answer 29

Opposing muscle group; slows down limbs during fast movement.

Question 30

Synergist

Answer 30

Muscle that stabilizes the body during movement but are not responsible for the movement.

Question 31

4

Answer 31

Bicep

Question 32

9

Answer 32

Abdominals

Question 33

12

Answer 33

Quadriceps

Question 34

7

Answer 34

Pectoralis

Question 35

2

Answer 35

Trapezius

Question 36

5

Answer 36

Triceps

Question 37

1 Muscle that is underneath the muscle indicated.

Answer 37

Erector Spinae

Question 38

11

Answer 38

Gluteus Maximus

Question 39

16

Answer 39

Hamstrings

Question 40

18

Answer 40

Gastrocnemius

Question 41

3

Answer 41

Deltoids

Question 42

What is it and what does it do?

Answer 42

Brachioradialis: Flexes the elbow

Question 43

What is it and what does it do?

Answer 43

Anconeus: Stabilizes elbow during extension

Question 44

3

Answer 44

Brachialis

Question 45

Isotonic Contractions

Answer 45

Generation of muscle force with constant muscle tension and change in muscle length.

Question 46

Concentric

Answer 46

Isotonic Contraction: Shortening

Question 47

Eccentric

Answer 47

Isotonic Contraction: Lengthening

Question 48

Isometric Contractions

Answer 48

Activation muscle contraction without changing the muscle length.

Question 49

Answer 49

Concentric muscle action

Question 50

Answer 50

Eccentric muscle action

Question 51

Answer 51

Isometric muscle contraction

Question 52

Class, Definition, and joint example

Answer 52

First Class Lever; Applied and resistant forces on opposite sides of the fulcrum; Jaw

Question 53

Class, Definition, and example

Answer 53

Second Class Lever; Resistance lies between the applied force and the fulcrum; Ankle

Question 54

Class, Definition, and example

Answer 54

Third Class Lever; Force is applied between the resistance and the fulcrum; Elbow

Question 55

True or Fales: The sternocostal joints have fewer degrees of freedom that the glenohumeral joint.

Answer 55

False

Question 56

True or False: The sternocostal joints have a smaller range of motion than the glenohumeral joint.

Answer 56

True

Question 57

What are the possible joint movements at the elbow?

Answer 57

Pronation/Supination and Flextion/Extention

Question 58

Which muscles extend the elbow?

Answer 58

Triceps brachii

Question 59

Which muscles flex the elbow?

Answer 59

Bicep Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis

Question 60

When successfully holding Yoga poses like navasana (boat pose), the engaged muscles are in _______________ contraction.

Answer 60

Isometric

Question 61

Answer 61

Left: Valgus Middle: Normal Right: Varus

Question 62

Which ligament complex prevents valgus distortion of the elbow joint?

Answer 62

Medial collateral ligament

Question 63

Which ligament complex prevents varus distortion of the elbow?

Answer 63

Lateral collateral ligament

Question 64

During flexion and extension of the elbow joint, the ______________ of the ulna rotates around the _____________ of the humerus and fits into the _______________ at the full extension.

Answer 64

Trochlear Notch; Trochlea; Olecranon Fossa

Question 65

Which anatomical features serve to reduce friction and protect the bone during flexion and extension of the elbow?

Answer 65

Synovial fluid and articular hyaline cartilage.