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MSS - MSK Exam 2 > Joints of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Joints of the Upper Limb Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

sternoclavicular joint

A

synovial saddle joint

  • modified ball and socket
  • allows circumduction
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2
Q

articulation of the sternoclavicular joint

A

manubrium
costal cartilage of 1st rib
sternal end of clavicle

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3
Q

ligaments of sternoclavicular joint

A

articular capsule
anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments
interclavicular ligament
costoclavicular ligament

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4
Q

interclavicular ligament

A

along the jugular notch

spans two clavicle

keep them from being pulled apart

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5
Q

costoclavicular ligament

A

from 1st rib and its costal cartilage

limits elevation

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6
Q

articular disc

A

strongest part of sternoclavicular joint
-prevents upward and medial dislocation

fibrocartilagenous**

medial superior border of clavicle to cartilage of 1st rib

**most important modification of joint stability

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7
Q

arterial supply of the sternoclavicular joint?

A

branches from:

  • internal thoracic artery
  • suprascapular artery (subclavian artery)
  • highest thoracic artery
  • clavicular branch of thoracoacromial artery (axillary artery)

NOT ON TEST

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8
Q

innervation of sternoclavicular joint?

A

medial supraclavicular nerves ( C3 C4)
nerve to subclavius ( C5. C6)

NOT ON TEST

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9
Q

subclavius muscle

A

protects against over elevation and protraction of clavicle

-helps to maintain the sternoclavicular joint

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10
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A

weak joint
-weak ligaments

synovial gliding joint
still covered in fibrocartilage
-with incomplete articular disc

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11
Q

articulations of the acromioclavicular joint

A

acromion process of scapula

lateral end of clavicle

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12
Q

ligaments of the acromioclavicular ligaments

A

articular capsule
superior and inferior acromioclavicular ligaments
coracoclavicular ligament

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13
Q

coracoclavicular ligaments?

A

conoid part - medial
trapezoid part - lateral

**maintain integrity of the acromioclavicular joint

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14
Q

glenohumeral joint?

A

ball and socket synovial joint

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15
Q

articulations of the glenohumeral joint?

A

glenoid cavity of scapula

head of humerus

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16
Q

ligaments of glenohumeral joint?

A

articular capsule
coracohumeral ligament
coracoacromial ligament
transverse humeral ligament

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17
Q

articular capsule of glenohumeral joint?

A

attached to brim of glenoid cavity and anatomic nieck of humerus

thin and loose
-contributes to joint flexibility in ALL ranges

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18
Q

coracohumeral ligament

A

from coracoid process and blends laterally with capsule immediately anterior to greater tubercle of humerus along the appxorimate path of anatomical neck

prevents inferior dislocation

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19
Q

coracoacromial ligament

A

forms roof over glenohumeral joint

-prevents superior dislocation

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20
Q

transverse humeral ligament

A

anteriorly spans intertubercular groove to precisely locate the tendon of the long head of the biceps

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21
Q

bursa in glenohumeral joint?

A

deltoid and subacromial bursa

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22
Q

glenoid labrum

A

fibrocartilagenous elevation surrounding glenoid cavity

brim around joint cavity

  • assists in increasing depth of socket
  • increases contact by 50%
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23
Q

tendons of biceps brachii?

A

long head traverses intertubucula grove into the interior of the glenohumeral joint where it attaches superiorly to the glenoid labrum

**triceps is outside joint

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24
Q

glenohumeral bands or ligaments?

A

superior, middle, inferior (variable)

seen on internal aspect of anterior wall

attach above to anterior glenoid labrum and below the lesser tubercle and anatomic neck of the humerus

help to prevent anterior and posterior inferior dislocation

**not as good anteriorly

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25
deltoid muscle
multipennate main strength mover of the glenohumeral joint
26
rotator cuff muscles
subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor, supraspinatus **maintain integrity of the glenohumeral joint
27
distraction
if one of rotator cuff muscles is injured | -glenohumeral joint integrity is messed up
28
humeroscapular rhythm
1-2 degree scapular rotation for every 2-3 degrees of glenohumeral rotation therefore, 90 degree abduction: - 60 degree humeral rotation - 30 degree scapular rotation
29
abduction of upper limb
starting with contraction of supraspinatus -pushes head of humerus inferiorly DO THE READING
30
strength of shoulder joint
deltoid
31
stability of shoulder joint
rotator cuff muscles
32
flexibility of shoulder joint
capsule
33
integrity of shoulder joint
glenoid labrum and glenohumeral ligaments
34
range of motion of shoulder abduction
ball and socket joint shalow glenoid cavity loose fibrous capsule
35
glenohumeral rotation of shoulder abduction
deltoid | rotator cuff muscles
36
scapular rotation of shoulder abduction
trapezius | serratus anterior
37
humeral rotation of shoulder abduction
infraspinatus | teres minor
38
elbow joint
synovial hinge joint allows flexion and extension -no side to side movement
39
articulation of elbow joint
trochlea of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna capitulum of humerus with head of radius head of radius with radial notch of the ulna -proximal radio-ulnar articulation
40
ligaments of elbow joints
collateral ligaments | articular capsule
41
ulna collateral ligaments
anterior - strongest -medial epicondyle of humerus to tubercle on coronoid process of ulna posterior - weaker -medial epicondyle of humerus to medial edge of olecranon process oblique - weakest - attaches to medial aspect of ulna to deepen socket for trochlea - helps close semilunar notch of ulna medially **form triangle
42
proximal radioulnar joint
synovial pivot joint shares joint capsule with elbow joint strengthened b attachments of the anterior capsula and lateral collateral ligaments of elbow joint
43
articulation of proximal radioulnar joint
head of radius | radial notch of ulna
44
ligament for proximal radioulnar joint
annular ligament
45
annular ligament
circle head of radius and attaches to ulna above and inferior to radial notch
46
distal radioulnar joint
synovial pivot joint
47
articulation of distal radioulnar joint
head of ulna | ulnar notch of radius
48
ligaments of distal radioulnar joint
capsular ligaments | -weak anterior and posterior transverse bands between the distal radius and ulna
49
distal radioulnar joint
fibrocartilagenous articular disk -attaches the distal radius to ulnar styloid -
50
proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints
``` both synovial pivot joints allow pronation/supination muscles: -pronator teres and quadratus -supinator and biceps brachii ```
51
antebrachial syndesmosis
at wrist - radius bears weight at elbow - ulna bears weight transfer weight across interosseous membrane -lines down to ulna
52
radiocarpal wrist joint
synovial ellipsoidal and condyloid joint
53
articulation of wrist joint
distal radius and articular disk of distal radioulnar joint scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform not at all
54
ligaments of wrist joint
articular capsule palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments and the ulnocarpal ligament radial and ulnar collateral ligaments
55
intercarpal joints
synovial plane joints
56
articulation of intercarpal joints
articular surfaces between carpals of proximal and distal row articular surfaces between proximal and distal row of carpal bones
57
mid-carpal joint
exists because there is no interosseous ligaments between proximal and distal rows of carpals -allows for increased flexibility during flexion, extension, and opposition
58
three joints of hand?
wrist joint midcarpal joint carpo-metacarpal joint
59
interosseous ligaments
align proximal row of carpals align distal row of carpals not between proximal and distal rows -allow for the flexibility at the mid-carpal joint
60
carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?
synovial saddle joint -can circumduct aka basal joint of thumb loose articular capsule allows freedom of movement typical of this joint: adduction, abduction, circumduction, opposition
61
carpometacarpal joints
synovial plane joints
62
deep transverse metacarpal ligaments
unites palmar surface of heads of metacarpals 2-5 - blend with palmar metacarpophalangeal ligaments - limit spread of heads of metacarpals extrinsic but increases the integrity of carpometacarpal joints
63
metacarpalphalangeal joints
synovial condyloid joints dorsally, these joints are strengthened by passage of the tendons of extensor digitorum (2-5) and extensor pollicis longus and brevis in digit 1
64
articulation of metacahpalphalangeal joints
heads of all metacarpals | bases of five proximal phalanges
65
ligaments of metacarpalphalangeal joints
articular capsule collateral metacarpophalangeal ligaments palmar metacarpophalangeal ligaments
66
interphalangeal joints
synovial hinge joints
67
articulation of interphalangeal joints
head of one phalanx to the base of the more distal phalanx
68
shorthand for joints?
MP - metacarpalphalangeal PIP - proximal interphalangeal DIP - distal interphalangeal

MSS - MSK Exam 2 (13 decks)

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