Shoulder Region

Question 1

attachment of deltoid

Answer 1

origin:
lateral 1/3 anterior border of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

insertion:
deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 2

action of deltoid?

Answer 2

anterior - flexes, medially rotates
posterior - extends, laterally rotates

anterior, middle, posterior - abducts

Question 3

innervation of deltoid?

Answer 3

axillary nerve

Question 4

subacromial bursa

Answer 4

or subdeltoid bursa

directly deep to deltoid and superficial to supraspinatus

Question 5

attachment of suspraspinatus

Answer 5

origin:
supraspinous fossa of scapula

insertion:
highest facet, posterior surface greater tubercle of humerus

Question 6

action of supraspinatus

Answer 6

initiates abductino of humerus

Question 7

innervation of supraspinatus

Answer 7

suprascapular nerve

Question 8

what initiates abduction?

Answer 8

supraspinatus

Question 9

attachments of infraspinatus

Answer 9

origin:
infraspinous fossa of scapula

insertion:
middle facet, posterior surface greater tubercle of humerus

Question 10

action of infraspinatus

Answer 10

lateral rotation of humerus

Question 11

innervation of infraspinatus

Answer 11

suprascapular nerve

Question 12

what do you lose first, cutaneous or motor?

Answer 12

cutaneous innervation

Question 13

superior transverse scapular ligament

Answer 13

closes off the suprascapular notch

• suprascapular artery passes superior
• suprascapular nerve passes inferior

both structures supply supraspinatus and send branches around neck of acromion via great scapular notch to the infraspinatus

Question 14

teres major attachments?

Answer 14

origin:
dorsal surface, inferior angle of scapula

insertion:
crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 15

action of teres major?

Answer 15

extension, adduction, medial rotation

same as latissimus, but better in horizontal plane

latissimus better in vertical plane

Question 16

innervation of teres major?

Answer 16

lower subscapular nerve

Question 17

attachments of teres minor?

Answer 17

origin:
middle 1/3 to upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula

insertion:
lowest facet, posterior surface greater tubercle of humerus

Question 18

action of teres minor

Answer 18

alteral rotation of humerus

Question 19

innervation of teres minor

Answer 19

axillary nerve

Question 20

tendon of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor?

Answer 20

blend with capsule of glenohumeral joint and strengthen superiorly and posteriorly

Question 21

rotator cuff

Answer 21

subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor, supraspinatus

holds humerus in glenoid cavity in ALL ranges of motion

Question 22

serratus anterior attachments

Answer 22

origin:
outer surface of ribs 1-8 or 9

insertion:
vertebral costal surface of scapula from superior to inferior angle

Question 23

action of serratus anterior

Answer 23

protracts scapula, upward rotation of glenoid cavity, fixates scapula to thoracic wall

also accessory to respiration if scapula fixed

Question 24

innervation of serratus anterior

Answer 24

long thoracic nerve

-only nerve that is superficial to the muscle it innervates

makes injury common

Question 25

winged scapula?

Answer 25

injury to long thoracic nerve paralyzes serratus anterior elevation of scapula away from body along its medial border and inferior angle inability to completely abduct upper limb, or push upper limb forward against resistance

Question 26

quadrangular space

Answer 26

superior - teres minor inferior - teres major medial - long head, triceps muscle lateral - humerus

Question 27

contents of quadrangular space?

Answer 27

axillary nerve | posterior humeral circumflex artery (branch of 3rd portion of axillary)

Question 28

triangular space?

Answer 28

superior - teres minor inferior - teres major lateral - long head triceps

Question 29

contents of triangular space?

Answer 29

circumflex scapular artery | -branch of subscapular artery from 3rd portion of axillary

Question 30

scapular anastomosis

Answer 30

blockage of axillary artery can result in flow reversal within branches of subclavian and axillary artery (no valves)

Question 31

anastomoses of scapular?

Answer 31

suprascapular and transverse cervical anastomose with circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal artery acromial branch of thoracoacromial anastomose with circumflex humeral artery loop transverse cervical artery anasatomose with branches intercostal arteries