1. What do Chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam,clorazpate, midazolam and diazepam have in common 2. Barbiturates have established pediatric doses. What must be monitored very closely? 3. Antihistamines (diphenhydramine & promethazine) are most popular choice to calm children/ induce sleep. What must be assessed?

1. Established pediatric doses, others must be determined by height & weight. 2. CNS depression & excitablity 3. Drying of secretions & breathing

Kach: Anxiolytic & Antidepressants Flashcards by Jade Ring

Alcohol enhances this neurotransmitter & depresses this neurotransmitter

Enhance GABA

Depress Glutamate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Naltrexone is an opiod antagonists that can be used for alcohol withdrawal

T or F

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Acamprosate differs from Disulfiram how?

Disulfiram (Antiabuse) makes one ill if they drink alcohol

Acamprosate helps with alcohol withdrawal symptoms

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cimetidine, oral contraceptives, Disulfiram

Theophylline

Have this affect on Benzodiazepines

Cimetidine, oral contraceptives, Disulfiram

Increase affect

Theophylline

Decrease affect

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Be prepared to adminster _____ if signs of Benzodiazepine toxicity occurs. (Hypoventilation)

Flumazenil

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What do Chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam,clorazpate, midazolam and diazepam have in common
Barbiturates have established pediatric doses. What must be monitored very closely?
Antihistamines (diphenhydramine & promethazine) are most popular choice to calm children/ induce sleep. What must be assessed?

Established pediatric doses, others must be determined by height & weight.
CNS depression & excitablity
Drying of secretions & breathing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Use of Benzodiazepine & Barbiturates in adults for sleep is only short term.

What 2 precautions must be taken?

Liver function & Pregnancy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sedation Vs Hypnosis

Loss of awareness & reaction to environment

Sleep

Sedation
Loss of awareness & reaction to environment

Hypnosis
Sleep

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How do Hypnotics work?

Act on the Reticular Activating System (RAS)

Block brains response to incoming stimulus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Alcohol

Enhances this neurotransmitter

Inhibits this neurotransmitter

Enhances this GABA

Inhibits this Glutamate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Alprazolam (Xanax)

Dosage 0.25 - 0.5mg PO tid up to 10mg

Indications
Onset
Duration

Indications: Anxiety / Panic Attack
Onset 30 min
Duration 4 -6 hrs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Alprazolam (Xanax)

Dosage ………

Indications: Panic Attack
Onset 30 min
Duration 4 - 6 hrs

Dosage: 0.25 - 0.5mg PO tid up to 10mg

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

Dosage: Adult - 5 - 25 mg PO tid - qid
Pediatric: >6 = 5mg PO bid tid

Usage:
Onset:
Duration:

Usage: Alcohol withdrawal/ preoperative
Onset: 10 - 15 min
Duration: 2 - 3 days

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

Dosage……

Usage: Alcohol withdrawal/ preoperative
Onset: 10 - 15 min
Duration: 2 - 3 days

Dosage: 5 - 25 mg tid / qid
Pediatric >6 - 5mg bid / tid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

Dosage: 0.25 mg bid
Ped: 0.01 - 0.03 mg/kg/d given in 2 - 3 doses Don’t Exceed 0.05 mg/kg/day

Use:
Onset:
Duration:

Special Consideration:

Use: Panic Disorder, Restless Legs, Seizures

Onset: Slow

Duration: 1 - 6 weeks

Special Consideration: Suicide, Liver, CBC with long-term

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Clonazepam: (Klonopin)

Dosage: 0.25 bid
Peds 0.01 - 0.03 mg/kg/day given 2 - 3 doses

Use:
Onset:
Duration:

Special Consideration:

Use: Panic Disorder, Restless Legs, Seizures

Onset: Slow

Duration: 1 - 6 weeks

Special Consideration: Suicide, Liver, CBC with long-term

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Clorazpate (Genxene, Tranxene)

Dosage: Anxiety 30 mg divided doses tid. Alcohol withdrawal: Vary

Use

Use: Anxiety/ alcohol withdrawal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Clorazpate (Genxene, Tranxene)

Dosage: …….

Use Anxiety/ Alcohol Withdrawal

Dosage: Anxiety 30 mg divided doses tid. Alcohol withdrawal: Vary

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diazepam (Valium)

Dose: 2 - 10 mg
Peds: Weight based Dose

Use:
Onset:
Duration:

Special Consideration

Use: Anxiety, Alcohol Withdrawal, Muscle Relaxants, Preoperative
Onset: 5 - 60 mins
Duration: 3 hrs

Special Consideration: Taper after longterm therapy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diazepam (Valium)

Dose….

Use: Anxiety, Alcohol Withdrawal, Muscle Relaxants, Preoperative
Onset: 5 - 60 mins
Duration: 3 hrs

Special Consideration: Taper after longterm therapy

Dose: 2 - 10 mg

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Estazolam

Dose 1 mg bed time

Use:
Onset:
Duration:

Special Consideration

Use: Hypnotic, Insomnia
Onset: 45 - 60 min
Duration: 2 h

Special Consideration: Monitor Liv & Kid / CBC longterm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Estazolam

Dose….

Use: Hypnotic, Insomnia
Onset: 45 - 60 min
Duration: 2 h

Special Consideration: Monitor Liv & Kid / CBC longterm

Dose 1 mg PO bedtime

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Flurazepam

Dose: 15 - 30 mg Bedtime

Use
Onset
Duration

Special Consideration

Study These Flashcards

Use: Hypnotic/ Insomnia
Onset Varies
Duration 30 - 60 mins

Special Consideration Monitor Liv & Kid in longterm CBC

Flurazepam

Dose….

Use: Hypnotic/ Insomnia
Onset Varies
Duration 30 - 60 mins

Special Consideration Monitor Liv & Kid in longterm CBC

Study These Flashcards

Dose: 15 - 30 mg Bedtime

Lorazepam (Ativan) Dose: 2 - 6mg in divided doses IM / IV 0.05 mg /kg NO EXCEED 4 mg Use Onset Duration

Use Anxiety, Preoperative, Insomnia r/t stress Onset 1 - 30 Minutos Duration 12 - 24 hrs

Lorazepam (Ativan) Dose...... Use Anxiety, Preoperative, Insomnia r/t stress Onset 1 - 30 Minutos Duration 12 - 24 hrs

Dose: 2 - 6mg PO in divided doses or 0.05 mg/kg IM / IV Max 4 mg

Midazolam Dose: Sedation 5 mg IM Conscious Sedation (Short Procedures) 1 - 2.5 mg IV maintenance Dose = 25% of initial Dose Sedation in critical care: 10 - 50 mcg/kg IV loading Dose, repeat every 10 - 15 min until desired effects seen. Maintenance 20 - 100 mcg/kg/h Use: Onset: Duration: Special Consideration

Use: Sedation, Anxiety, Conscious Sedation, Continous Sedation for intubation or ventilated patients Onset: 3 - 15 min Duration: 2 - 6 hrs Special Consideration Don't adminster in Artery. Keep resuscitation equipment near.

Midazolam Dose Sedation / Maintenance Dose Sedation in critical care Use: Sedation, Anxiety, Conscious Sedation, Continous Sedation Onset 3 - 15 min Duration: 12 - 24 hrs Special Consideration: No Arterial Administration. Keep resuscitation equipment nearby

Dose: Sedation 5 mg IM Conscious Sedation (Short Procedures) 1 - 2.5 mg IV maintenance Dose = 25% of initial Dose Sedation in critical care: 10 - 50 mcg/kg IV loading Dose, repeat every 10 - 15 min until desired effects seen. Maintenance 20 - 100 mcg/kg/h

Oxazepam Dose: 10 - 15 mg PO tid qid Use Onset Duration Special Consideration

Use Anxiety, Alcohol Withdrawal Onset Slow Duration 2 - 4 hrs Special Consideration: Preferred in Older Adults

Quazepam (Doral) Dose: 15 mg Bedtime Use Onset Duration Special Consideration

Use Insomnia Onset Varies Duration 4 - 5 hrs Special Consideration Monitor Liv and Kid CBC

Quazepam (Doral) Dose: ... Use Insomnia Onset Varies Duration 4 - 5 hrs Special Consideration Monitor Liv and Kid CBC

Dose 15 mg

Temazepam (Restoril) Dose: 15 - 30 mg Bedtime 7 - 10 d Use Onset Duration Special Consideration

Use Insomnia Onset Varies Duration 4 - 6 hr Special Consideration Taper after longterm

Tenazepam ( Restoril) Dose: Use Insomnia Onset Varies Duration 4 - 6 hr Special Consideration Taper after longterm

Dose: 15 - 30 mg Bedtime 7 - 10 d

Triazolam (Halcion) Dose 0.125 - 0.5 mg Bedtime 7 - 10 days Use Onset Duration

Use Insomnia Onset Varies Duration 2 - 4 hrs

How long for peak levels of Benzodiazepines

30 min - 2 hrs

Birth defects from Benzodiazepine

Cleft lip, inguinal hernia, Cardiac defects (pyloric stenosis), microcephaly

Barbiturates reach peak level in ...

20 - 60 min

Barbiturates Butabarbital 15 - 30 mg tid / qid - 50 - 100mg Bedtime Peds 2 - 6 mg/kg 100 max Use Onset Duration Special Consideration

Use Short-term sedative Hypnotic (Sleep) Onset 45 - 60 min Duration 6 - 8 hrs Special Consideration Taper gradually, May produce Aggressiveness on children

Barbiturates Butabarbital Dose... Use Short-term sedative Hypnotic (Sleep) Onset 45 - 60 min Duration 6 - 8 hrs Special Consideration Taper gradually, May produce Aggressiveness on children

Dose 15 - 30 tid / qid - 50 - 100 mg Bedtime Peds: 2 - 6 mg/kg Max 100mg

Barbiturates Pentobarbital Dose 20mg tid / qid 100mg Bedtime 120 - 200 PR, 150 - 200mg IM Use Onset Duration Special Consideration

Use Sedative Hypnotic Preoperative Onset 10 - 15 min Duration 2 - 4 hrs Special Consideration Taper gradually/ Monitor injection sites

Barbiturates Pentobarbital Dose..... Use Sedative Hypnotic Preoperative Onset 10 - 15 min Duration 2 - 4 hrs Special Consideration Taper gradually/ Monitor injection sites

Dose 20 mg tid qid, 100mg Bedtime, 120 - 200 PR, 150 - 200 IM

Barbiturates Phenobarbital Dose 30 - 120 mg PO IV IM Use Onset Duration

Use Sedative Hypnotic, Control Seizures, Preoperative Onset 10 - 60 min Duration 4 - 16 hrs

Barbiturates Phenobarbital Dose..... Use Sedative Hypnotic, Control Seizures, Preoperative Onset 10 - 60 min Duration 4 - 16 hrs

Dose 30 - 120 mg PO, IM, IV

Barbiturates Secobarbital Dose: 100 - 300mg Use Onset Duration

Use: Preoperative, Convulsiones of tetanus Onset Rapid Duration 1 - 4 hrs

Barbiturates Secobarbital Dose... Use: Preoperative, Convulsiones of tetanus Onset Rapid Duration 1 - 4 hrs

Dose 100 - 300 mg

Most common adverse affects include: Drowsiness Somnolencia Lethargy Ataxia Vertigo Hangover Thinking abnormalities Paradoxical excitement Anxiety Hallucinations N/V C or D Bradycardia Hypotension Syncope Hypoventilation Steven Johnsons Syndrome

Barbiturates

Buspirone Dose..... Use: Anxiety SE dry mouth headache

Dose Start 15 titrate up to 60mg/ d

Diphenhydramine Dose.... Use: Sleep aid. Motion Sickness, short term insomnia

Dose: 25 - 50 mg q 4 - 6 IV / IM 10 -50 400 mg / d Max

Eszopiclone Dose... Use: Insomnia

1 mg before bed 3 mg max

Meprobamate: Dose.... Use: Short term anxiety

1,200 - 1,600 in 3-4 doses

Promethazine (Antihystimine) Dose Use: Post op pain relief & Sedation

25 - 50 mg Caution thickening secretions, lower respitory

Ramelteon (Melatonin Receptor Agonist) Dose... Use: Insomnia characterized by dif falling asleep

8 mg bed time

Suvorexant (Orexin receptor Antagonist) Dose.... Use: Insomnia

10 mg 20 mg Max bed time

Tasomelteon Dose.... Use: Melatonin Receptor Agonist that helps with sleep in the blind & non-24 hr sleep-wake disorder

20 mg Bedtime

Zaleplon Dose... Use: Short-term insomnia help. Bind to GABA

10mg bedtime

Zolpidem Dose..... Use: Short-term insomnia treatment.

5 mg Bedtime/ 10 mg Bedtime Available in Extended Releaee & Oral Spray

Zolpidem Dose..... Use: Short-term insomnia treatment.

5 mg Bedtime/ 10 mg Bedtime Available in Extended Releaee & Oral Spray

Kach: Anxiolytic & Antidepressants Flashcards

(57 cards)