Key Period 5 Flashcards
148) Apologists
The Apologists were people who supported slavery and who justified their beliefs with evidence that the Romans and the Greeks all used slaves.
149) Popular Sovereignty
Popular Sovereignty was when a new state would be able to choose if they wanted to be a slave state or a free state. This was significant because now the balance of power between free and slave states could be disrupted.
150) Free Soil party
The Free Soil party was a third-party political group whose main goal was to eliminate laws that restricted the rights of freed African American slaves in free states and stop slavery in new American territories
151) Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was a series of five bills that resolved the four year confrontation between the slave and free states resulting after the Mexican-American War
152) Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska Act proposed and put into effect by Stephen Douglas of Illinois. It created the territories of Nebraska and Kansas as well as implementing popular sovereignty in those areas.
153) border-ruffians/Bleeding Kansas
The Bleeding Kansas was a violent event caused by the issue of slavery in Kansas that was led by John Brown and other abolitionists.
154) Lecompton Constitution
The Lecompton Constitution was the second of four constitutions proposed for the state of Kansas, made for Anti-slavery movement and named after the town which it was drafted.
155) Sumner-Brooks clash
The Sumner-Brooks clash was when a congressman, Preston Brooks attacked Charles Sumner with a cane because Sumner had given a two day speech titled the crimes against Kansas
156) Gag Resolution
The Gag Resolution was a strict rule passed by Pro-Southern Congressmen in 1836 to prohibit all discussion of slavery in the House of Representatives.
157) Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Nat Turner’s Rebellion was when Nat Turner and other slaves rose up against their white masters. Their rebellion was a failure because Nat Turner was executed but overall, it let to the South being more afraid of slave revolts. Thus making the slave codes harsher and restricted freedom for all blacks in the South. The South then began to defend slavery as a positive good.
158) William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator
William Lloyd Garrison was the most vilified of the abolitionists, he was the publisher of “The Liberator” in Boston. He also founded the American Anti-Slavery Society; Favored Northern secession and renounced politics.
159) Frederick Douglass and The North Star
Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave that lived in the North, he became a prominent black abolitionist and writer. One of his most renown works is The North Star
160) John Brown and Harper’s Ferry
John Brown was an abolitionist that led a slave revolt by capturing armories in southern territories and giving weapons to slaves. He was hung at Harper’s Ferry after capturing an armory by Robert E. Lee and the US Marines
161) Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Uncle Tom’s Cabin was an anti-slavery book which alarmed previously unconcerned Northerners about slavery
162) Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott v. Sandford was a Missouri slave that sued for his freedom, claiming that his four-year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. The Supreme Court decided that he couldn’t sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen
163) Republican Party
Organized in 1854 by antislavery Whigs, Democrats, and Free Soilers in response to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act; nominated John C. Frémont for president in 1856 and Abraham Lincoln in 1860
164) Panic of 1857
Caused by the inflation of California gold, overproduction of grain, and he over-speculation of railroads which led to the failures of banks and businesses.
165) Lincoln-Douglas Debates and the Freeport
Doctrine
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates were a series of debates for a seat in the United States Senate (Douglass had popular sovereignty while Lincoln wanted to ban the extension of slavery. The Freeport Doctrine made it so that slavery could not exist in a community if the local citizens did not pass and enforce laws for maintaining it.
166) Election of 1860
Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union.
167) Crittenden Compromise
These amendments to the Constitution were designed to appease the south by prohibiting slavery north of 36, 30’ but allowed protection south of this line. It also allowed future states to enter with or without slavery regardless of their position north or south.
168) Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter was a fort built following the end of the War of 1812. It is known as the place the Civil War first began since it was where Confederate guns were fired onto the Union army.
169) Jefferson Davis
Jefferson Davis was a former US Senator for Mississippi and acted as President for the Confederate States during the Civil War.
170) Border state
Border states were slave states during the time period of the Civil War that did not secede from the Union
171) Anaconda Plan
The Anaconda Plan was the Union’s strategy for winning the Civil War. It involved starving the South out of supplies much like how an anaconda constricts its prey
