Kinesics

Question 1

Kinesics

Answer 1

All forms of body movement except touch

Question 2

How do we acquire kinesics

Answer 2

–From innate neurological processes passed on genetically and developed through evolution
–From experiences common to all humans as they interact with the environment
–Through culture-specific tasks and social interactions that vary across cultures, subcultures, and individuals

Question 3

Structural approach in regards to kinesics

Answer 3

All the parts/components of a message
-Kineme, kines, allokines, kinemorphs, arakinesics, kinesic markers, kinesic stress

Question 4

Kineme

Answer 4

the smallest meaningful unit of behavior

Question 5

Kines

Answer 5

smallest units that are recognizable in a culture’s language but do not possess unique meaning

Question 6

Allokines

Answer 6

-variations in the intensity, duration, or extent of behaviors

Question 7

Kinemorphs

Answer 7

-groups by classes and often occur together to produce complex constructions similar to sentences
-At the level of kinemorphs, the meaning of kinesic behavior becomes fully understandable

Question 8

Parakinesics

Answer 8

movements that aid our understanding of spoken language

Question 9

Kinesic markers

Answer 9

occur with or take place of a variety of verbal features

Question 10

Kinesic stress

Answer 10

movements that occur regularly to mark special linguistic combinations
-Primary stress-strong movements
-Secondary stress-weak movements
-Unstressed-normal flow with speech
-Destress-reduction of kinesic behavior below normal

Question 11

Functional Approach

Answer 11

-”What was it designed to do?”
Considers the meanings or purposes of the behaviors as a way to organize but also reveal the social consequence of nonverbal cues

Question 12

Oculesics

Answer 12

eye behaviors

Question 13

gaze

Answer 13

where your eyes happen to be looking

Question 14

Functional approach oculesics

Answer 14

Direct eye contact-expresses interest and signals attention
Gazing at someone-expresses interpersonal attitudes or emotions
Gazing away from someone-expresses disinterest, regulate or interactions
Gaze-unique surveillance and info gathering functions

Question 15

Structural approach occulesics

Answer 15

One-sided look-gaze in the direction of someone’s face that is not reciprocates
Mutual look-gaze by both partners directed at each other’s faces
Eye contact-gaze by both partners directed at each others eyes that both partners are aware of
Gaze Avoidance-one person intentionally avoids others eyes
Gaze omission-a person fails to look at someone without intent to avoid eye contact

Question 16

One sided look

Answer 16

gaze in the direction of someone’s face that is not reciprocates

Question 17

Mutual look

Answer 17

gaze by both partners directed at each other’s faces

Question 18

Eye contact

Answer 18

gaze by both partners directed at each others eyes that both partners are aware of

Question 19

gaze avoidance

Answer 19

one person intentionally avoids others eyes

Question 20

gaze omission

Answer 20

a person fails to look at someone without intent to avoid eye contact

Question 21

Gestures

Answer 21

movement of the hand, arms, and head to express an idea or meaning

Question 22

Emblems

Answer 22

gestures with explicit meaning and dictionary definitions

Question 23

Criteria of emblems

Answer 23

Have a direct verbal translation and can be substituted for the words they represent
Precise meaning is known by most/all members of social group
Most often used intentionally to transmit a message
Recognized by receivers as meaningful and intentionally sent
Sender takes responsibility for them
Have a clear meaning-even without context

Question 24

Functions of emblems

Answer 24

Insulting others
Giving interpersonal directions(“come here” “be quier”)
Greeting others
Signaling departure
Replying positively or negatively to requests
Commenting on physical or emotional states

Question 25

Illustrators

Answer 25

-accompany verbal messages -used to accent, complement, repeat, or contradict what is being said verbally

Question 26

Pictographs

Answer 26

sketch a picture of the referent

Question 27

Kinetographs

Answer 27

display a bodily action

Question 28

Ideographs

Answer 28

draw the direction or path of thought

Question 29

Spatial movements

Answer 29

show a spatial relationship amond objects

Question 30

emblematic movements

Answer 30

repeat or substitute for words in illustrating the spoken words

Question 31

deictic movements

Answer 31

point to an object

Question 32

batons

Answer 32

emphasize a phrase or word

Question 33

rhythmic movements

Answer 33

show timing or rhythm of an event

Question 34

regulators

Answer 34

--Kinesic behaviors designed to manage or regulate turn-taking betweenn 2 or more interactions --Conversational gestures --Facial displays --Conversational gestures

Question 35

Topic gestures

Answer 35

gestures that relate to the content of the convo

Question 36

Interactive/social gestures

Answer 36

ones that function to distinguish dyadic interaction from monologues and are nonredundant with the info conveyed by words

Question 37

syntactic displays

Answer 37

reveal grammatical info

Question 38

speaker semantic displays

Answer 38

show content and can be redundant or non redundant with verbal info

Question 39

Listener semantic displays

Answer 39

facial expressions that are nonredundant with the speakers words

Question 40

Affect displays

Answer 40

--Reveal emotions --May be intentional or unintentional, accompany speech or stand alone, and transmit true emotions or be used symbolically --The type of affect display=adaptor

Question 41

adaptors

Answer 41

have no meaning but show some sort of internal state

Question 42

Adaptors(3 types)

Answer 42

Touching behaviors that reveal internal states like anxiety --Self-adaptors-touching self --Object adaptors-using an object to show an internal state --Other adaptors-involves another person

Question 42

Affect displays and culture

Answer 42

Cultural rules-govern when affect displays are appropriate, inappropriate, and what forms they should take Affect displays also depend on gender roles/stereotypes

Question 43

Body orientation

Answer 43

How we position our body in relation to other people

Question 44

Direct body orientation

Answer 44

facing the other person squarely

Question 45

Motivated body movement

Answer 45

intentionally moving from point A to B

Question 46

Unmotivated body movement

Answer 46

Body movements that occur without intention