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Comg470 > place and time-2 > Flashcards

place and time-2 Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Environment

A

characteristics and conditions of one’s physical surroundings, such as a home, office, outdoor space, or other surrounding in which a person lives, works, or interacts

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2
Q

Artifacts

A

physical(and usually man-made) objects that one places in an environment for either functional or aesthetic purposes(chairs, lamps, books, rugs, etc)

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3
Q

Natural environment

A

environmental elements that come from nature
Built environment-man-made elements of the environment

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4
Q

What are the 3 dimensions of emotional reactions

A

Pleasure to displeasure, dominance to submissiveness, arousal to nonarousal

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5
Q

Explain the pleasure to displeasure dimension of emotional reactions

A

extent to which the environment makes us feel happy, satisfied, contented, or annoyed, melancholic, and distressed

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6
Q

Explain the dominance to submissiveness dimension of emotional reactions

A

the extent to which the environment makes us feel dominant, important, and in control or restricted, weak, and low in hierarchy

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7
Q

Explain the aroused to nonaroused dimension of emotional reactions

A

degree to which the environment makes us feel active, stimulated, alert, and responsive to external stimuli or unaroused, relaxed, sluggish, or inattentive

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8
Q

What are fixed-feature elements

A

everything in the environment that is relatively permanent or slow to change in an environment
-Spatial organization
-Size or volume of space
-Linear perspective
-Materials used in the environment
-Architectural style

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9
Q

What is a sociofugal arrangement

A

A semi fixed feature element arrangement
-seating and objects (e.g., chairs, couches, desks, etc.) faced away from each other to minimize contact and discourage social interaction

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10
Q

What are semi fixed feature elements of the environment

A

relatively mobile and changeable features of the environment

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11
Q

What are sociopetal arrangements

A

A semi fixed feature element arrangement
-seating and objects facing inward/toward each other to bring people together and encourage connection/collaboration

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12
Q

What are non fixed feature elements

A

the space between interactants
-has to do with proxemics

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13
Q

Arousal, what happens when you are under or overaroused

A

physiological activation(increased brain activity) or increased autonomic responses(increased sweating, heart rate, muscle tension)
-Underaroused=bored and seek out some more stimulation
-Overaroused=engage in behaviors to reduce arousal

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14
Q

Yerkes-donson law

A

performance increases with arousal up to an optimal point, more arousal will result in decreasing performance

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15
Q

According to the Yerkes Donson law, what happens during simple tasks

A

arousal levels should be relatively high

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16
Q

According to the Yerkes Donson law, what happens during complex tasks

A

Arousal levels are best if they are lower

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17
Q

what is mnemonic function

A

when the environmental cues elicit appropriate emotions, behaviors, interpretations, and transactions

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18
Q

What are occasioned places

A

environments that contain indication of how to behave

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19
Q

What are the decoding potentials of the environmental and artifactual code

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A

-Combinations of structural elements can produce different communication messages
-Humans have visual and tactile capacity to decode subtle variations in artifactual patterns
-Most of the senses (sight, sound, touch, smell) can be stimulated by the structural elements of the environment
-Reactions to the environment and artifacts are cognitive, perceptual, emotional, and attitudinal
-Static nature of environmental and artifactual cues can serve as a constant statement in any communicative setting

20
Q

What are chronomics(what are the orientations)

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A

How humans perceive, structure, and use time as communication
-monochronic time orientation
-Polychronic time orientation

21
Q

What is the monochronic time orientation

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A

Doing one thing at a time and adhere to a strict schedule

22
Q

What is the polychronic time orientation

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A

willing to do multiple things at once

23
Q

Define biological rhythms

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A

internal rhythms of biological activity

24
Q

Define circadian rhythms

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A

physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a 24 hour cycle

25
Define the sleep-wake circadian rhythm and the factors that are a part of it(3)
The suprachiasmatic nucleus(in the hypothalamus) stimulates the pineal gland, which releases melatonin -Melatonin-hormone that helps us to regulate the processes of sleep -Hypothalamus-main center for homeostasis -Homeostasis-tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system
26
Define the ultradian rhythm
biological processes that begin and end multiple times every day(breathing patterns, beating of your heart, etc)
27
Define the circalunar rhythm
biological processes that transpire approximately monthly(menstruation)
28
What are the 6 main chronotypes
-morning, evening, highly active, daytime sleepy, daytime active, moderately active
29
What is a chronotype
the natural inclination of a specific body to sleep or be awake and alert at certain times
30
Morning chronotype
high alertness in the morning, which proceeds to dip to medium levels in the middle of the day, then drops to low levels in the evening
31
Evening chronotype
low alterness in the morning, which rises to medium levels in the middle of the day, then rises to high levels at night
32
Highly active chronotype
High alertness throughout the day
33
Daytime sleepy chronotype
high alertness in the morning, dips low in the middle of the day, then rises to a medium finish
34
Daytime active chronotype
Low alertness in the daytime, peaks high in the middle of the day, then finishes the day on a middle-level alertness
35
Moderately active chronotype
Low energy levels all day long
36
What are the 4 psychological time orientations
-Past orientation -Timeline orientation -present orientation -future orientation
37
Past orientation
dwell on past events, relive old times, sentimental view of time
38
Time-line orientation
see time as a continuum integrating past, present, and future and as a linear and systematic progression of events
39
Present orientation
focused on the here and now and dealing with events, activities, and problems spontaneously
40
Future orientation
focused on anticipating and planning for future events and relating them to the present
41
features of the chronemic code(list 11)
-displaced point pattern -diffused point pattern -technical time -formal time -Informal time -punctuality -wait time -Lead time -Duration -Simultaneity -Response speed
42
Displaced point pattern and diffused point pattern
Features of the chronemic code -displaced-see appointed times as a fixed endpoint -diffused-see appointed times as rough approximations
43
Technical, formal, and informal time
features of the chronemic code -technical-clock time, scientific and precise measurement of time -formal time-traditional ways that time is viewed and organized in a given culture -informal time-loosely defined system of time that is implicit, learned through experience with a culture, and usually outside conscious awareness
44
Punctuality, wait time, lead time, and duration
Features of the chronemic code -punctuality-arriving to scheduled events on time -Wait time-amount of time before a scheduled event commences -Lead time-amount of forewarning for a scheduled event -Duration-length of time dedication to an event
45
Simultaneity and response speed
Features of the chronemic code -simultaneity-single or multiple activities per time unit -response speed- how long it takes a person to return a message
46
Communication potential for the chronemic code
-Encoding potential=time can send signals related to politeness, value, and power -Assumptions: ----Being on time=polite ----Giving your time to others communicates that you value them ----People are willing to wait for people in higher power -Chronemic cues can be unintentional, creating a great deal of ambiguity -Chronemic cues are often subtle -Chronemic cues can evoke strong emotional reactions

Comg470 (13 decks)

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