power, dominance, and influence-2

Question 1

Member roles

Answer 1

specific pattern of behaviors that one group member performs based on the expectations of other group members

Question 2

Types of member roles

Answer 2

-Task-related roles
-Maintenance-related roles
-Individual and unproductive roles
—-Roles that distract from the groups productivity by either drawing attention to the individual or disrupting the groups ability to make progress
(Central negative, monopolizer, joker, blocker, withdrawer, etc.)
-Leadership roles
—-formal or informal group role associated with high-status position

Question 3

leadership

Answer 3

complex of beliefs, communicative patterns, and behaviors that influence the functioning of a group and move a group toward the completion of its task

Question 4

How one becomes a leader-implied

Answer 4

implication that someone knows what to do due to expertise

Question 5

How one becomes a leader-designated

Answer 5

appointed by outside force

Question 6

How one becomes a leader-emergent

Answer 6

-leader emerges after multiple people compete to be the leader(storming stage)

Question 7

How one becomes a leader-traits

Answer 7

social and strong leadership qualities naturally

Question 8

How one becomes a leader-situation

Answer 8

due to the given situation of the group

Question 9

How one becomes a leader-behaviors

Answer 9

-due to acting like a leader, they become one

Question 10

How one becomes a leader-communication

Answer 10

great at communicating

Question 11

Authoritarian leadership styles, and pro and cons

Answer 11

maintain strict control and make decisions without input
Pro:quick decisions
Con:follower unhappiness

Question 12

strategies to become a leader

Answer 12

–Participate early and often
–Communication quality as well as quantity
–Demonstrate your competence
–Help build a cohesive unit

Question 13

Democratic leadership style, pros and cons

Answer 13

seek input from others when making decisions
Pro: followers are happier due to involvement
Con:Takes a long time to make decisions

Question 14

Laissez-faire leadership styles, and pros and cons

Answer 14

minimal supervision
Pro-follower happiness due to minimal micromanaging
Con-unproductive
Requires skilled followers

Question 15

Power

Answer 15

the capacity to produce intended effects, in particular, the ability to influence the behavior of another person
–Also includes the ability to be free from others’ influence and decide ones own fate

Question 16

3 abilities that define power

Answer 16

Ability to do what one wants without interference from others
Ability to influence other people
Ability to resist the influence attempts of others

Question 17

Objective power

Answer 17

own or control resources

Question 18

Actual power

Answer 18

people must value the resources someone controls and be influenced by the person who controls those resources

Question 19

Relative power

Answer 19

amount of power that a person possesses in relation to another person

Question 20

Coercive power

Answer 20

Occurs when a person has the ability to punish others or take away something they value

Question 21

reward power

Answer 21

ability to provide someone with valued resources or outcomes

Question 22

legitimate power

Answer 22

based on the perception that the leader has the right or authority to be in charge

Question 23

expert power

Answer 23

rooted in someone’s level of specialized knowledge

Question 24

referent power

Answer 24

related to how dynamic and likable they are

Question 25

Dominance

Answer 25

actual interactional behaviors by which power and influence can be accomplished Governs who can be approached, who is to be avoided/shunned

Question 26

Domineering

Answer 26

if a person tries to dominate others but no one responds with submissiveness(unsuccessful dominance attempts)

Question 27

Nonverbal pejoratives

Answer 27

a type of dominance display -class of nonverbal communicative behaviors designs to threaten, insult, or demean a target

Question 28

savoir-fare

Answer 28

a type of dominance display -showing poise, self-assurance, panache and dynamism, and exercising conversational control

Question 29

Status

Answer 29

one's position in a social hierarchy

Question 30

high social status

Answer 30

the prestige an individual has within the group -High status fosters power and dominance

Question 31

Appearance cues of power

Answer 31

Mature faces Deeper, louder, more resonant voices considered more mature/powerful Dark colors may project dominance and self-confidence

Question 32

physical potency

Answer 32

concerns that the way that humans signal nonverbally how strong or weak we are, whether we might pose a threat, or are more likely to submit to an aggressors power

Question 33

resource control

Answer 33

nonverbal signals that indicate what material goods we possess that enable us to exert influence over others

Question 34

Interaction control

Answer 34

concerns the way in which we use nonverbal signals to manage who in a dyad or group is in charge

Question 35

the principle of threat

Answer 35

showing willingness to fight and to back up that threat with indicators of ones potency

Question 36

Harsh power tactics

Answer 36

scowls and steady, extended gaze are generally perceived as dominant and threatening, especially when used by high status or powerful people

Question 37

the principle of size and strength

Answer 37

power may simply be implied through body bulk, weight, and muscularity

Question 38

the principle of invigoration

Answer 38

speed, agility, and energy expenditure indicated potency Lethargy, and torpidity(inactivity) are typically associated with weakness and ineffectualness

Question 39

the principle of relaxation

Answer 39

moderate postural and vocal relaxation connote power, dominance, and status

Question 40

the principle of territorial possession and access

Answer 40

space is a precious resource and one that people often aim to control

Question 41

the principle of valued resource control

Answer 41

physical appearance emerges as an important indicator of one’s ability to be judged as powerful Uniforms, formal attire expensive accessories, etc

Question 42

the principle of task performance cues

Answer 42

in decision making situations, a sign of power is reflected the necessary skills to complete a task

Question 43

the principle of interaction control

Answer 43

people in power can choose how and when to communicate with another

Question 44

the principle of territorial imperative

Answer 44

power can be reinforced by insisting that important negotiations occur within ones own territory

Question 45

the principle of regulating approach and avoidance

Answer 45

silence can be a nonverbal mechanism for intimidating another

Question 46

the principle of centrality

Answer 46

dominance and status are signaled through centrality of position(sitting or standing more central to group)

Question 47

the principle of elevation

Answer 47

location in vertical space can convey power

Question 48

the principle of initiation

Answer 48

dominant and pwoerful individuals are typically the first to enter a room, the first to sit, talk and start conversational thread

Question 49

the principle of prerogative of violation

Answer 49

the higher the status of the person, the more they can violate the norms that are in place for ordinary people and be seen in a positive light

Question 50

Blatant strategies of dominance

Answer 50

Imperiousness, being judgemental, invasion of others space and time territory, norm violations, deviance

Question 51

Subtle strategies of dominance

Answer 51

Touchiness, haughtiness, ridiculing and irony, easiness and carelessness, assertiveness and calm strength

Question 52

dyadic power theory

Answer 52

power is an integral part of any relationship but is especially important in close romantic relationships because it determines how the partners relate to each other and how decisions are made

Question 53

chilling effect

Answer 53

the less powerful person in a relationship often hesitates to communicate grievances to their partner