Kinetic Theory Flashcards
(35 cards)
Kinetic Theory of Matter
“Matter is made up of tiny particles in constant motion.”
States of Matter
“Solid, Liquid, Gas”
Solid State
“Particles are closely packed with strong cohesive forces.”
Liquid State
“Particles are less closely packed, can slide past each other.”
Gaseous State
“Particles are far apart, move freely at high speeds.”
Change of State
“Caused by changes in temperature (heating or cooling).”
Melting
“Solid to liquid when heated, particles gain kinetic energy.”
Evaporation
“Liquid to gas, occurs at all temperatures.”
Vapour Pressure
“Pressure exerted by vapor in a closed container.”
Boiling
“Vapour pressure equals atmospheric pressure, bubbles form.”
Freezing
“Liquid to solid when cooled.”
Condensation
“Gas to liquid when cooled.”
Latent Heat of Fusion
“Heat absorbed during melting (no temperature change).”
Latent Heat of Vaporization
“Heat absorbed during boiling (no temperature change).”
Brownian Movement
“Random movement of particles in a fluid.”
Diffusion
“Movement of particles from high to low concentration.”
Osmosis
“Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane.”
Boyle’s Law
“Volume of gas is inversely proportional to pressure (at constant temperature).”
Charles’s Law
Volume of gas is directly proportional to temperature (at constant pressure)
Kelvin Scale
“Absolute temperature scale, 0 K = -273 °C”
Gas Pressure
“Force exerted by gas particles per unit area of the container walls.”
Boyle’s Law (Equation)
“p1V1 = p2V2”
Charles’s Law (Concept)
“Volume of a gas is proportional to its absolute temperature (at constant pressure).”
Absolute Zero
“Theoretically the lowest possible temperature, -273°C or 0 K.”
