KNEE JOINT Flashcards
(14 cards)
2 joints w in the knee cavity
location of:
1. tibiofemoral joint
2. patellofemoral joint
largest syn joint
1. tibiofemoral joint:
- bw tib and fem condyles
2. patellofemoral joint:
- bw patellar surf of femur + artic surf of patella
2 joints w in the knee cavity
Patellofemoral joint
Classification, Movements, A/S
Classification:
- mutliaxial
- synovial
- plane
Movements:
- longitudinal gliiding (INCR’s mech adv)
Articular Surfaces:
1. femur
- L fem condyle (larger)
2. patella
- posterior facets -> function:
- INCR mech adv of quads
- protect patellar tend/lig
- distribute compressive force of fem condyle
2 joints w in the knee cavity
Tibiofemoral joint
Classification, Movements, AS
Classification:
- synoival
- condyloid
- biaxial
Movements:
- flexion 140º
- extension 0-5º
- int rotation 10-20º (if flexed)
- ext rot 30-40º(if flexed)
Articular Surfaces:
1. femur (m):
- M + L fem condyles
- M is larger
2. tibia (f):
- M + L tib condyles
- relatively fat (seperated by intercondylar area)
- M is larger
Knee Joint
Knee Joint capsule
Function/Attaches
function:
- attach to artic margins (fem condyles)
- attach to med + lat margins (tib condyles)
Knee Joint
Knee Joint Caspule
Structure
structure:
- anterior deficit (replaced by quad tendon + pat lig)
- posterior: popliteus tendon
Knee Joint
Synovial membrane
structure + function
structure:
- lines joint capsule except ACL + PCL
function:
- comm w some bursa
Articular Structures - Patellar Retincula
structure and function
structure:
- thickened band of deep fascia
function:
- stabilises patella + tendons around knee
Articular Structures - Patellar Retincula
2 types of patellar retinaculum
thickened band of deep fascia
Medial Patellar Retinaculum:
O: Vastus medialis / posterium of tibia
Function: prevents lateral patellar dislocation
Lateral Patellar Retinaculum:
O: ITB
Function: patellar stability
Knee Joint
Bursae
4 types
- suprapatella (communicates with joint capsule)
- pes anserine (med tibia)
- infrapatella
- prepatella
Capsular Ligmanents of the Knee Joint
- MCL, OPL, APL lig
- PL lig
- A/L lig
structure, attaches, limits/prev/funct
1. MCL, OPL, APL
structure:
- MCL: M tib condyle
- OPL, APL: post, X’s popliteus muscle superficially
- limits: lat rot
- prev: hyperext
2. Patella lig
structure:
- contin of quadriceps ligament
function:
- knee extension (INCR mech adv of quads)
3. Anterolateral lig
structure:
- L Fem cond -> bw gerdys tub + fib head
function:
- stabilises knee from M tib rotation
Intracaspular/Extra-synovial ligaments of the knee joint
- ACL
- PCL
- P meniscofemoral
structure, attaches, limits/prev/funct
1. ACL
structure:
- E/S, always taut
attaches:
- A intercondylar fossa -> MFC
function:
- ant slide / ⬇️ M tib rot
2. PCL
structure:
- E/S
attaches:
- P intercondylar fossa -> LFC
function:
- post slide / ⬇️ L tib rot
P meniscofemoral lig
structure:
- adductor tub -> MFC
function:
- ⬇️ L pat rot
Extracapsular ligaments of the knee joint
- LCL
- Popliteofibular lig
structure, attaches, limits/prev/funct
1. LCL
structure:
- L fem e/c -> L fem head
limits:
- L tib rot
prevents:
- abd
1. Popliteofibular
structure:
- popliteus tendon -> fibula
limits:
- L tib rot
Patellofemoral component
Medial patellofemoral ligament
structure, function
attach:
- supramed patella -> bw adduct tub + med fem condyle
function:
- prevents lat displacem of pat
Patellofemoral component
Intra-articular structures
Medial and Lateral mensici
structure:
- fibrocart wedges
function:
- shock absorpt, INCR congurence
