Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development

Question 1

Who developed the Theory of Moral Development?

Answer 1

Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 2

How many stages are there in Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development?

Answer 2

Six stages

Question 3

What are the three main levels of moral reasoning in Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 3

Pre-conventional, Conventional, and Post-conventional

Question 4

True or False: The Pre-conventional level includes Stage 1 and Stage 2.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Stage 1 of Kohlberg’s theory is focused on _______.

Answer 5

Obedience and punishment orientation

Question 6

What does Stage 2 of Kohlberg’s theory emphasize?

Answer 6

Individualism and exchange

Question 7

True or False: The Conventional level focuses on societal norms and laws.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the primary focus of Stage 3?

Answer 8

Interpersonal relationships

Question 9

In which stage do individuals understand the importance of social contracts?

Answer 9

Stage 5

Question 10

What is the focus of Stage 4?

Answer 10

Maintaining social order

Question 11

True or False: Stage 6 is characterized by universal ethical principles.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the main characteristic of the Post-conventional level?

Answer 12

Recognition of universal ethical principles and justice

Question 13

Which stage involves making decisions based on mutual benefit?

Answer 13

Stage 2

Question 14

What is a key feature of the moral reasoning in Stage 5?

Answer 14

Social contract orientation

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Kohlberg’s theory is based on _______ reasoning.

Answer 15

Cognitive

Question 16

What is the primary method used by Kohlberg to study moral development?

Answer 16

Moral dilemmas

Question 17

True or False: Kohlberg believed that moral development is a linear process.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

At what age do children typically begin to show Stage 1 reasoning?

Answer 18

Around 4 to 5 years old

Question 19

What is the significance of Stage 3 in moral development?

Answer 19

It emphasizes the importance of being seen as a good person by others.

Question 20

Which stage represents a shift to principled reasoning?

Answer 20

Stage 5

Question 21

What type of reasoning does Stage 6 involve?

Answer 21

Principled conscience and ethical reasoning

Question 22

True or False: Kohlberg’s stages can be skipped in moral development.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the role of culture in Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 23

Culture influences the progression through the stages.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: According to Kohlberg, moral development is closely tied to _______.

Answer 24

Cognitive development

Question 25

What criticism is often leveled against Kohlberg's theory?

Answer 25

It may be biased towards Western, individualistic cultures.

Question 26

How does Kohlberg's theory relate to moral education?

Answer 26

It suggests that moral reasoning can be developed through discussion and reflection.

Question 27

What is Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development?

Answer 27

A theory that proposes a stage-based model of moral reasoning development in humans.

Question 28

How many stages are there in Kohlberg's Theory?

Answer 28

There are six stages divided into three levels.

Question 29

What are the three levels of Kohlberg's Theory?

Answer 29

Pre-conventional, Conventional, and Post-conventional.

Question 30

What is the focus of the Pre-conventional level?

Answer 30

Self-interest and avoiding punishment.

Question 31

At which stage do individuals obey rules to avoid punishment?

Answer 31

Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation.

Question 32

What characterizes Stage 2 of Kohlberg's Theory?

Answer 32

Individualism and exchange; actions are based on self-interest.

Question 33

What is the primary focus of the Conventional level?

Answer 33

Social approval and maintaining social order.

Question 34

At which stage do individuals seek approval from others?

Answer 34

Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships.

Question 35

What is Stage 4 of Kohlberg's Theory known for?

Answer 35

Maintaining social order; respect for authority.

Question 36

What defines the Post-conventional level?

Answer 36

Principles of justice and individual rights.

Question 37

At which stage do individuals follow universal ethical principles?

Answer 37

Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles.

Question 38

True or False: Kohlberg believed that moral development is influenced by cognitive development.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

Fill in the blank: Kohlberg's theory is based on the idea that moral reasoning progresses through ______.

Answer 39

stages.

Question 40

What is a key criticism of Kohlberg's Theory?

Answer 40

It may not adequately represent moral reasoning in women.

Question 41

What research method did Kohlberg primarily use to develop his theory?

Answer 41

Longitudinal studies and moral dilemmas.

Question 42

At what age do children typically reach the Pre-conventional level?

Answer 42

Around 2 to 9 years old.

Question 43

What is the main focus of Stage 5?

Answer 43

Social contracts and individual rights.

Question 44

True or False: Kohlberg's stages are meant to be followed in a strict sequence.

Answer 44

True.

Question 45

What type of moral reasoning is emphasized in Stage 3?

Answer 45

Conformity and good interpersonal relationships.

Question 46

What is the significance of moral dilemmas in Kohlberg's research?

Answer 46

They were used to assess moral reasoning and stage of development.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: The ability to think about ethical principles is a characteristic of the ______ level.

Answer 47

Post-conventional.

Question 48

What did Kohlberg believe was necessary for moral development?

Answer 48

Exposure to moral reasoning and discussion.

Question 49

True or False: Kohlberg's stages are age-specific and cannot be experienced out of order.

Answer 49

False; while they are generally sequential, individuals can exhibit reasoning from multiple stages.

Question 50

What stage is characterized by the belief that laws are flexible and can be changed?

Answer 50

Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation.

Question 51

What is the main ethical principle associated with Stage 6?

Answer 51

Universal ethical principles that transcend laws.

Question 52

In which stage do individuals see moral decisions as based on social agreements?

Answer 52

Stage 5.

Question 53

What is the role of empathy in moral development according to Kohlberg?

Answer 53

Empathy is crucial for understanding others' perspectives and moral reasoning.

Question 54

Fill in the blank: Kohlberg's theory is often applied in the field of ______.

Answer 54

education.

Question 55

True or False: Kohlberg's theory suggests that moral development is static and unchanging.

Answer 55

False; it is dynamic and can evolve with experiences.

Question 56

What is the main goal of moral education according to Kohlberg?

Answer 56

To promote higher stages of moral reasoning.

Question 57

What aspect of morality does Stage 1 focus on?

Answer 57

Avoiding punishment.

Question 58

What did Kohlberg argue is essential for moral development in adolescence?

Answer 58

Critical thinking and discussion about moral issues.

Question 59

Q

Answer 59

A

Question 60

What is Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development?

Answer 60

A theory that explains how people develop morally through 3 levels and 6 stages, from obedience to ethical principles.

Question 61

How many levels and stages are in Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 61

3 levels and 6 stages.

Question 62

What is Level 1 called?

Answer 62

Pre-conventional Morality.

Question 63

What defines Pre-conventional Morality?

Answer 63

Morality is based on avoiding punishment and gaining rewards; rules are external.

Question 64

What is Stage 1 in Kohlberg's theory?

Answer 64

Obedience and Punishment Orientation.

Question 65

What defines Stage 1 – Obedience and Punishment?

Answer 65

Right = what avoids punishment. Obey rules to avoid punishment.

Question 66

What is Stage 2 in Kohlberg's theory?

Answer 66

Individualism and Exchange (Instrumental Purpose).

Question 67

What defines Stage 2 – Individualism and Exchange?

Answer 67

Right = what benefits the individual. “You help me, I help you.”

Question 68

What is Level 2 called?

Answer 68

Conventional Morality.

Question 69

What defines Conventional Morality?

Answer 69

Morality is based on social approval, maintaining relationships and social order.

Question 70

What is Stage 3 in Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 70

Good Interpersonal Relationships (Good Boy/Nice Girl).

Question 71

What defines Stage 3 – Good Interpersonal Relationships?

Answer 71

Right = behavior that pleases or helps others; being seen as “good.”

Question 72

What is Stage 4 in Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 72

Maintaining Social Order.

Question 73

What defines Stage 4 – Maintaining Social Order?

Answer 73

Right = obeying laws, respecting authority, maintaining social order.

Question 74

What is Level 3 called?

Answer 74

Post-conventional Morality.

Question 75

What defines Post-conventional Morality?

Answer 75

Morality is based on personal values, justice, and universal principles.

Question 76

What is Stage 5 in Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 76

Social Contract and Individual Rights.

Question 77

What defines Stage 5 – Social Contract?

Answer 77

Laws are flexible; right = laws that protect rights and serve the greater good.

Question 78

What is Stage 6 in Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 78

Universal Ethical Principles.

Question 79

What defines Stage 6 – Universal Ethical Principles?

Answer 79

Right = based on self-chosen ethical principles like justice and human rights.

Question 80

Who influenced Kohlberg’s theory?

Answer 80

Jean Piaget.

Question 81

Does everyone reach the highest stage of moral development?

Answer 81

No, not everyone reaches post-conventional morality (Stages 5 and 6).