Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity package Flashcards
(12 cards)
8 biodiversity related conventions
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS)
Ramsar Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar)
Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA)
International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
Focus on the CBD: Where have we come from?
The “Aichi Targets” were adopted by Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in October 2010, at their Conference of the Parties in Japan
- They ran to 2020
Also adopted:
“Living in harmony with nature” - by 2050, biodiversity is valued, conserved, restored and wisely used, maintaining ecosystem services, sustaining a healthy planet and delivering benefits essential for all people
Research for Aichi Targets
Research showed many species facing extinctions and indicators showed bad trends.
The conclusion was that we failed to deliver CBD Aichi Targets
Why haven’t we met the Aichi Targets?
Drivers of change have accelerated during the past 50 years to levels unprecedented in human history
Indirect drivers underpin these direct drivers of biodiversity loss
There were also significant gaps in implementation 2010-2020
Direct drivers of change
Land/sea use change
Direct exploitation
Climate change
Pollution
Invasive alien species
Indirect drivers of change
Demographic and sociocultural
Economic and technological
Institutions and governance
Conflicts and epidemics
Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Package 2023-2030
Four long-term goals for 2050 related to the vision, focused on delivery of the three objectives of the convention and the necessary means of implementation
A group of important factors that affect all parts of planning, reporting, and evaluation. These include:
- Recognizing the role and contributions of Indigenous peoples and local communities
- Considering how this connects with other international agreements and processes
- Involving a wide range of stakeholders at all levels
- Basing actions on strong evidence and informed decision-making
8 targets focused on reducing threats to biodiversity
5 targets focused on meeting people’s needs through sustainable use and benefit sharing
10 targets focused on tools and solutions for implementation and mainstreaming
Summary of the Kunming-Montreal package
4 goals agreed to 2050
23 targets agreed to 2030
An associated monitoring framework agreed with 365 indicators
Role of science outlined
Initial agreement on 12 gal indicators, 26 headline target indicators, 66 component target indicators, 266 complimentary target indicators * BUT THIS WAS NOT COMPLETED
Challenges related to Resource Mobilization, Reporting Mechanism, Capacity Building etc
CBD COP16 part1 - Cali in Columbia 2024
Poor progress to implement by countries
- by the summit’s end, just 44 out of 196 parties (22%) had come up with new biodiversity plans
But solid progress to agree outstanding issues
- countries agreed a new benefit-sharing mechanism for genetic resources - known as the “Cali fund”
- Countries also agreed a new permanent body for Indigenous peoples, to directly offer their view at biodiversity COPs
However, lack of agreement on funding meant that the monitoring framework was not agreed, and COP was planned to resume in Rome in late February 2025
CBD COP16 part 2 - Rome February 2025
Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) adopted a series of decisions that needed consideration after the suspension of CBD COP16 in Cali in 2024
- Resource mobilization
- Financial mechanism
- Mechanisms for planning, monitoring, reporting and review including the global review of collective progress in the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
- Monitoring framework for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
More implementation needed (5 years left)
Updated NBSAPs that set targets
Reporting on progress
Creation of tools to help countries
Capacity building for countries
Whole of society approach (so need to include business, civil society, IPLC, etc)
How is UNEP-WCMC trying to help?
(The UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre)
Spatial data
- UN Biodiversity Lab contains spatial data collections for TARGETS 1, 2, 3
Indicator data to support the Global Biodiversity Framework Monitoring Framework
Exploring ways to involve Indigenous People and Local Communities in monitoring the GBF
Supporting a “whole of society” approach to deliver of the GBF through creation of platforms providing information for different users
- business facing
- country facing
- civil society facing
- trade systems facing
- academic facing
- journalist facing
