L-spine

Question 1

What is the most important characteristic of the lumbar spine?

Answer 1

Must bear tremendous loads created by body weight

Question 2

In addition to bearing loads the lumbar spice is largely responsible for?

Answer 2

Trunk mobility

Question 3

Inferior articular processes are ____and face______in the lumbar spine?

Answer 3

Convex and face anterolaterally

Question 4

Superior articular processes are ______ and face________?

Answer 4

Concave, Posteromedially

Question 5

What plane do lumbar faces lie in?

Answer 5

Sagittal

Question 6

What rules motion?

Answer 6

Facets

Question 7

Facet configuration limits What? And allows for greater mobility in what?

Answer 7

Rotational flexibility, flexion and extension

Question 8

L1-l4 facets lie in what plane?

Answer 8

Sagittal

Question 9

L1-L4 facets limit what?

Answer 9

Axial rotation (0Y)

Question 10

L5=S1 facets lie in what plane ?

Answer 10

Coronal

Question 11

L5-S1 facets limit what?

Answer 11

Post/ant shear (z translation)

Question 12

Lumbar facets normally carry what perfect of axial load?

Answer 12

18 (33 in extension)

Question 13

What is the primary movement in the lumbar spine?

Answer 13

Flexion/extension

Question 14

What percent of TRUNK flex/ext occur in the lumbar spine?

Answer 14

75

Question 15

What is limited by sagittal facet orientation in the lumbar spine?

Answer 15

Axial rotation (0Y)

Question 16

Is there fore flexion or extension allowed in the lumbar spine?

Answer 16

Twice as much flexion

Question 17

In the lumbar spine what way does the spinous process move during lateral bending coupled with axial rotation ?

Answer 17

Same side, (except it may switch at L4-L5)

Question 18

In the lumbar spine where is the nucleus localized in the disc?

Answer 18

Posteriorly

Question 19

Disc heigh to vertebral body height ratio in the lumbar spine is what?

Answer 19

1:3

Question 20

The 1:3 ratio of disc to body height in the lumbar spine gives the disc what?

Answer 20

Greater resistance to axial compressive forces

Question 21

Where does the spinal cord end?

Answer 21

L2

Question 22

The lumbar spinal canal constrains and protects the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord proximally _________and the_________distally

Answer 22

Conus medulairs, cauda equina

Question 23

In the lumbar spine nerve rooks exit the dura where?

Answer 23

Above the foraminal opening

Question 24

What ligaments define ROM and stabilize the dural sac

Answer 24

Hoffmann ligaments

Question 25

How does the spinal cord demonstrate flexibility?

Answer 25

Elastic deformation

Question 26

What is the average range for lumbar lordosis ?

Answer 26

20-60

Question 27

Where is the apex of the lumbar lordotic curve?

Answer 27

L3-4

Question 28

The lorditic curve starts to develop when?

Answer 28

9-12 months

Question 29

The lumnbar lordotic curve becomes established when/

Answer 29

Learn to stand (18 months)

Question 30

The sacral base angle will_____with an anterior pelvic tilt, relating in ______lubmar lordosis which places more weight bering responsibilities on the facets/

Answer 30

Increase, increase

Question 31

The sacral base angle will____with a posterior pelvic tilt, resulting on _____lumbar lordosis places more weight bearing responsibility on the_____?

Answer 31

Decrease, decrease, disc

Question 32

With a posterior pelvic tilt the spines ability to absorbed what kind of force is decreased?

Answer 32

Axial compression forces

Question 33

What muscle is the major stabilizer of the L-spine?

Answer 33

Quadratus lumborum

Question 34

What muscle is always active in the L-spine?

Answer 34

Quadratus lumborum

Question 35

During what movement is the QL least active?

Answer 35

Standing isometric twists

Question 36

During what is the QL most active?

Answer 36

Heavy lifts

Question 37

The ALL and PLL restrict what movement in the lumbar spine?

Answer 37

Excessive flexion/extension

Question 38

What is more developed in the lumbar spine? The ALL or PLL?

Answer 38

ALL

Question 39

What ligament is highly elastic and acts as a barrier to material that would encroach on the cord during ROM?

Answer 39

Ligamentum flavum

Question 40

The lumbodorsal fascia is attached to what?

Answer 40

Transverse abdominis, internal oblique and, LATS

Question 41

What ligament acts like a collateral ligament, controls vertebral rotation ?

Answer 41

Interspinous

Question 42

What ligament protects against posterior shear?

Answer 42

Interspinous

Question 43

What ligament provides resistance against excessive forward flexion?

Answer 43

Supraspinous

Question 44

What respects joint flexion, and restricts distraction of face surfaces during axial rotation?

Answer 44

Facet capsule

Question 45

What is the most likely cause of ligament damage?

Answer 45

Trauma

Question 46

What is the result of trauma to a ligament ?

Answer 46

Joint laxity, then degeneration