L1 Flashcards

1
Q

Independent variable

A

Variable the researcher manipulates to see effect on DV

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2
Q

Experimental condition

A

IV divided into levels

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3
Q

Control condition

A

Experimental conditions can be compared, where IV is not manipulated

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4
Q

Dependent variable

A

Variable being measured

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5
Q

Extraneous variable

A

Variables other than IV that could affect the DV

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6
Q

Confounding variable

A

Variables other than IV that have affected the DV

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7
Q

Operationalisation

A

Variables must be defined and stated how it’ll be measured

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8
Q

Lab experiment

A
  • controlled environment
  • high level of control on IV
  • EV is eliminated
  • Participants are randomly allocated
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9
Q

Positive Lab Experiment

A

(+) high level of control over IV and EV eliminated and prevent CV
(+) IV manipulated and cause and effect established between IV and DV
(+) easily replicated and results and reliable

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10
Q

Negative lab experiment

A

(-) demand characteristics where participants guess the aim of the study
(-) social desirability bias where participants behave in a more positive light
(-) lacks mundane realism and ecological validity

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11
Q

Field experiment

A
  • occurs in a real life natural setting
  • IV still manipulated
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12
Q

Advantages field experiment

A

(+) more mundane realism and ecological validity
(+) IV still manipulated so cause and effect established
(+) less chance do demand characteristics

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13
Q

Disadvantages of Field experiment

A

(-) less control over EV allowing chance of CV so research isn’t valid
(-) less control over sample so its not representative
(-) difficult to replicate so results may be unreliable

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14
Q

Natural experiment

A
  • naturally occurring IV to see effect on DV
  • measures variables that aren’t directly manipulated
  • e.g. comparing behaviour in single sex and mixed school
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15
Q

Positive natural experiment

A

(+) high level mundane realism and ecological validity
(+) useful when its unethical to manipulate the IV

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16
Q

Negative natural experiment

A

(-) low control over EV
(-) very difficult to replicate and unreliable
(-) difficult to establish cause and effect

17
Q

Quasi experiment

A
  • naturally occurring IV between the difference of people
  • e.g. gender and age
18
Q

Quasi advantages

A

(+) high level of control and EV minimised
(+) easy to replicate and findings are reliable

19
Q

Quasi experiment negatives

A

(-) lack of ecological validity and may not reflect real life
(-) demand characteristics participants may accurately/ inaccurately guess the aim making results invalid