L12: Personality Disorders

Question 1

Def of Personality Disorders

Answer 1

Question 2

Classification of Personality Disorders

Answer 2

Question 3

Epidemeology of Personality Disorders

Answer 3

Prevalence estimates for any personality disorder is 9.1%

• with Cluster A personality disorders at 5.7% (~ 6%).
• with Cluster B at 1.5%. (lowest)
• with Cluster C at 6%.
• The prevalence for any personality disorder ranges from 9%-15%.

Question 3

Prognosis of Personality Disorders

Answer 3

Question 3

Comorbidity in Personality Disorders

Answer 3

• Personality disorders are highly co-morbid with other personality disorders, and there is high overlap between the different clusters.

Question 3

what are Personality Traits?

Answer 3

• They are an enduring, repetitive pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself. Personality traits are not disorders

Question 3

DSM 5 Criteria of Personality Disorders

Answer 3

Question 3

Whenever diagnosing a personality disorder, the clinician must consider …….

Answer 3

the ethnic, cultural, and social background of the individual.

Question 4

Personality disorders should not be confused with problems associated with cultural adaption following immigration or with the expression of habits, customs, or religious and political values by the individual’s culture of origin.

Answer 4

….

Question 4

Certain personality disorders such as antisocial personality disorder are diagnosed much more frequently in ……

Answer 4

males

Question 4

Others personality disorders, such as borderline, histrionic, and dependent personality disorders are diagnosed more frequently in ……

Answer 4

females

Question 5

DDx of Personality Disorders

Answer 5

• Personality change due to another medical condition
• Other mental disorders and personality traits
• Psychotic disorders
• Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Anxiety disorders
• Depressive disorders
• Substance use disorders

Question 5

Although this may reflect true differences in prevalence between genders, it is important to not over diagnose or underdiagnose personality disorders because of social stereotypes about typical gender roles and behaviors

Answer 5

….

Question 5

How is Personality change due to another medical condition Diffrentiated from Personality Disorders?

Answer 5

• When personality changes occur due to the physiological or neuropsychiatric effects of another medical condition (e.g.traumatic brain injury or brain metastases), this diagnosis should be used instead.

Question 6

How is Other mental disorders and personality traits Diffrentiated from Personality Disorders?

Answer 6

Question 6

Personality traits only become a disorder when …..

Answer 6

when these features becoming inflexible, maladaptive, and persistent, and cause significant functional impairment or subjective distress.

Question 7

How is Psychotic disorders Diffrentiated from Personality Disorders?

Answer 7

• For the cluster A personality disorders (paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal) that may be related to the psychotic disorders, there are exclusion criterion that require the pattern of behaviors to not have occurred exclusively during the course of schizophrenia, a bipolar or depressive disorder with psychotic features, or another psychotic disorder.

Question 8

How is Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Diffrentiated from Personality Disorders?

Answer 8

When personality changes emerge and persist after an individual has been exposed to extreme stress or trauma, a diagnosis of PTSD should be considered.

Question 9

How is Anxiety disorders Diffrentiated from Personality Disorders?

Answer 9

One should be cautious about diagnosing personality disorders during an episode of an anxiety disorder, because these disorders can mimic personality traits on cross-sectional observation.

Question 10

How is Depressive disorders Diffrentiated from Personality Disorders?

Answer 10

One should be cautious about diagnosing personality disorders during an episode of a depressive disorder, because these disorders can mimic personality traits on cross-sectional observation.

Question 11

How is Substance use disorders Diffrentiated from Personality Disorders?

Answer 11

In individuals with a substance use disorder, a personality disorder diagnosis should not be made based on behaviors stemming from a substance intoxication or withdrawal. Additionally behaviors (e.g. - antisocial behavior) that are associated with perpetuating substance use should not be used to make the diagnosis of a personality disorder.

Question 11

Characters of Schizoid Personality Disorder

Answer 11

Question 11

Characters of Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer 11

Question 12

Characters of Histrionic Personality Disorder

Answer 12

Question 12

Characters of Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Answer 12

Question 12

Characters of Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 12

Question 13

Characters of Borderline personality disorder (BPD)

Answer 13

Question 13

Characters of Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Answer 13

Question 14

Characters of Avoidant Personality Disorder

Answer 14

Question 15

Characters of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)

Answer 15

Question 15

Charactesr of Dependent Personality Disorder

Answer 15

Question 15

Managment of Personality Disorders

Answer 15

1. For those who seek help, individual and group psychotherapy may be useful.
2. Pharmacotherapy also can be used to manage symptoms such as depression and anxiety that may be associated with the PDs.

Question 16

Other specified personality disorders

Answer 16

1. Passive-aggressive personality
2. Depressive personality
3. Sadomasochistic personality
4. Sadistic personality
5. Personality changes due to a general medical condition
6. Anabolic steroids