L15: Psychotherapy

Question 1

Goals of TTT by Psychotherapy

Answer 1

Question 2

Method of Delivery of Psychotherapy

Answer 2

• Individual therapy
• Group therapy

Question 3

what is Psychoanalysis & Analytically Oriented Psychotherapy Based on?

Answer 3

Freud’s theories of dynamic unconscious and psychological conflicts

Question 4

Major Goal of Psychoanalysis & Analytically Oriented Psychotherapy

Answer 4

Question 5

Characters of Psychoanalysis

Answer 5

Question 6

indications & patient Criteria of Psychoanalysis

Answer 6

Question 7

Characters of Psychoanalytically Oriented Psychotherapy

Answer 7

Based on the same principles and techniques as classic psychoanalysis but is less intense.

Question 8

Types of Psychoanalytically Oriented Psychotherapy

Answer 8

• Insight-oriented or expressive psychotherapy
• Supportive or relationship psychotherapy

Question 9

Duration of Insight-oriented or expressive psychotherapy

Answer 9

Patients are seen 1-2 times a week and sit up facing the psychiatrist.

Question 10

Patients suitable for Insight-oriented or expressive psychotherapy

Answer 10

• Patients suitable for this therapy include those suitable for psychoanalysis, as well as those with a wider range of symptomatic and characterological problems.
• Patients with personality disorders also are suitable for this therapy.(e.g. BPD)

Question 10

what is the essential element in Supportive or relationship psychotherapy?

Answer 10

support, rather than the development of insight.

Question 11

Indications of Supportive or relationship psychotherapy

Answer 11

This type of therapy often is the treatment of choice for:
1. Psychotic patients.
2. Patients in a crisis situation, such as acute grief

Question 12

Duration of Supportive or relationship psychotherapy

Answer 12

This therapy can be long term, lasting many years, especially in the case of chronic patients.

Question 13

Support can take the form of: ……..

Answer 13

Support can take the form of:
* limit-setting
* increasing reality testing
* reassurance
* advice
* help with developing social skills

Question 14

what is Behavioral Therapy Based on?

Answer 14

principles of learning theory

Question 15

Basic assumptions of Behavioral Therapy

Answer 15

1. Maladaptive behavior can change without insight into its underlying causes.
2. Behavioral symptoms are taken at value and not as symptoms of a deeper problem.

Question 16

Types of Behavioral Therapy

Answer 16

Behavior therapy is based on the principles of learning theory, including: operant and classic conditioning

Question 17

what is Operant conditioning based on?

Answer 17

• Based on the premise that: Behavior is shaped by its sequences

A. if behavior is positively reinforced it will increase.

B. if it is punished it will decrease

C. if it elicits no response it will be extinguished.

Question 18

what is Classic conditioning Based on?

Answer 18

Based on the premise that: Behavior is shaped by its being coupled with or uncoupled from anxiety-provoking stimuli.

• A person can be conditioned to feel fear in the situations that have come to be associated with anxiety.
• Uncouple the anxiety from the situation, the avoidant and anxious behavior will decrease.

Question 19

Indications & patient criteria of behavioral therapy

Answer 19

Question 20

what are Behavioral Therapy Techniques?

Answer 20

1. Token economy.
2. Aversion therapy.
3. Systematic desensitization.
4. Flooding.
5. Exposure and response prevention.

Question 21

Characters of Token economy

Answer 21

• A form of positive reinforcement
• A patient is rewarded with various tokens (e.g., Food, games,emotients, etc…)

For enforcing desired behaviors, e.g.
- Social skills
- Controlled behavior.
- Good academic performance.
- Attending group therapy.

Question 22

Characters of Aversion Therapy

Answer 22

• It is form of negative reinforcement in which:

a) An aversive stimulus, e.g.: A shock or unpleasant smell, is coupled with an undesired behavior.

b) A controversial form, involves the patient imagining something unpleasant coupled with the undesired behavior.

• The aversion is used to stop the undesired behavior.

Question 23

Indications of Aversion Therapy

Answer 23

Sexual disorders, Drug addiction, Conversion disorder

Question 24

Indications of Systemic desensitization

Answer 24

Patient with avoidant behavior and anxiety linked to a specific situations e.g., Heights or airplane travel. (phobias)

Question 25

Idea of Systemic desensitization

Answer 25

Question 26

Technique of Systemic desensitization

Answer 26

The technique work through a combination of : 1. Positive reinforcement for confronting anxiety-provoking stimuli 2. And the extinguishing of maladaptive behavior by the realization of an absence of negative consequences.

Question 27

what is **Flooding**?

Answer 27

It is technique in which the patient is exposed immediately to the most anxiety-provoking stimulus, e.g. the top of a tall building if he or she is afraid of heights, instead of being exposed gradually or systematically to a hierarchy of feared situations.

Question 28

If this technique occurs in the imagination as opposed to real life, it is called .......

Answer 28

implosion

Question 29

..... is thought to be the most effective behavioral treatment of such disorders as phobias, if the patient can tolerate the anxiety associated with it.

Answer 29

Flooding

Question 30

Describe **Exposure and response prevention**

Answer 30

The patient is exposed to the undesired situation or the area abnormality and is prevented from responding to situation.

Question 31

Example of **Exposure and response prevention**

Answer 31

The patient who has compulsive hand washing due to anticipation of dirtiness' is exposed to dirty or potentially dirty situation and is prevented from hand washing

Question 32

Exposure and response prevention is encouraged by ...........

Answer 32

relaxation, assurance, token economy or even aversion.

Question 33

what is **Cognitive Therapy** based on?

Answer 33

theory that behavior is secondary to the way in which persons think about themselves and their roles in the world

Question 34

Maladaptive behavior is .......... to Ingrained, stereotyped thoughts, which can lead to cognitive distortions or errors in thinking.

Answer 34

Secondary

Question 35

Cognitive therapy is aimed at .....

Answer 35

correcting these cognitive distortions and the self-defeating behaviors that result from them.

Question 36

Def of **Automatic Negative Thoughts**

Answer 36

Negative automatic thoughts are the conscious or subconscious thoughts that occur in response to everyday events. These thoughts are irrational, self-defeating, and may cause psychiatric problems.

Question 37

Examples of **Automatic Negative Thoughts**

Answer 37

Question 38

Duration of **Recognizing & Correcting Automatic Thoughts**

Answer 38

Therapy is short-term, generally 15-20 sessions over 12 weeks, during which: - Patients are made aware of their own distorted cognitions and the assumptions on which the questions are based.

Question 39

Characters of **Recognizing & Correcting Automatic Thoughts**

Answer 39

- Homework is assigned: patients are asked to record what they are thinking in certain stressful situations (such as, "I'm no good" or "no one cares about me") - And to ascertain the underlying, often relatively unconscious, assumptions that fuel the negative cognitions.

Question 39

indications of **Cognitive therapy**

Answer 39

1. Mild to moderate, non-psychotic depressions. 2. Adjunctive treatment with substance abusers. 3. In increasing compliance with medication. 4. Anxiety disorders.

Question 40

Done

Answer 40

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