L13 Flashcards

Question

what is the social control hypothesis

Answer 1

Impact of friends and family on health behaviours through | obligations and influences e.g. sleep-diet exercise

Answer 2

Social structures and behaviours have evolved All contribute to survival and reproduction and the underlying mechanisms are instantiated in the brain We have evolved to be more likely to survive if we live in social groups The brain works hard to get you into social situations and when you are not then the brain will starts sending out signals that may be detrimental for your health

Answer 3

Detecting Social danger Detecting kin and group members Detecting disease and health Fitness and beauty Trust and cheaters Protection and Competence Status and Dominance

Answer 4

vigilance for social threats anxiety hostility decreased impulse control attention to negative social stimuli cortisol release

Answer 5

evolutionary is you were lonely you were in a dangerous situation now there is usually no need for these behaviours and will only drive more people away

Answer 6

Disrupts sleep, immune function and cognition Increased cortisol levels predict Alzheimer’s risk long term levels of cortisol are bad

Answer 7

Now it is more likely that people are living on their own In every country there is a marked increase When living alone it is more likely that you are going to be socially isolated

Answer 8

In a recent survey of 20,000 U.S. adults ages 18 and older, almost half report feeling alone (40%) or left out (47 %). One in four (27 %) feel they are not understood. Two in five (43 %) feel relations are not meaningful and that they feel isolated (43%). Despite having a large amount of social media use they still felt as though they had low social interaction

Answer 9

Participants in the highest quartile of social media use had twice the odds of perceived social isolation than those in the lowest quartile

Answer 10

It’s possible that people who feel socially isolated look to social media to help fill the void. Or, it may be that spending hours on social media, rather than on other activities, encourages feelings of isolation and even jealousy.

Answer 11

could be interpreted to mean that behaviour is rigidly determined (lack of free-will). could be used to justify the status quo, entrench ruling elites, and legitimize authoritarian political programmes (Social Darwinism – the survival of the fittest). Some explanations might be unfalsifiable A modern understanding acknowledges that Nature and Nuture are interwoven

Answer 12

When environment changes the genetics eg the environmental effect of gene expression involved in obesity

Answer 13

The way people select, modify and create environments is correlated with their genetic disposition. Biologists have established that many genes cannot influence development independently of environmental factors (epigenetics). Genetic and nongenetic factors always cooperate to build traits. As an example, consider the developmental pathway a 10-year-old boy presenting to a mental health professional for high levels of aggressive behavior. He may have inherited a genetically-based temperamental predisposition to being aggressive. As a young child, that tendency to become irritable and angry would then often evoke more negative responses in other people such as parents, who may themselves struggle with controlling their own anger. These interactions begin to snowball, affecting his schoolwork and friendships and, through epigenetic mechanisms, all of these experiences cause this child’s brain to grow differently.