L14: Organisation Of The Autonomic NS

Question 1

What are the main structures of a neurone

Answer 1

Cell body

Axon

Question 2

What is the anatomical classification of the nervous system

Answer 2

Central nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

Question 3

What is functional classification of the nervous sytem

Answer 3

Autonomic nervous system

Somatic nervous system

Question 4

What does the autonomic nervous system involve

Answer 4

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Enteric

Question 5

What is the general action of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 5

Maintains homeostasis

Promotes excretory mechanism of the body when necessary

Question 6

What are the effector organs of the autonomic system

Answer 6

Visceral organs

Question 7

What does the visceral organs of the autonomic system involve

Answer 7

Smooth muscle
Secretory glands
Cardiac muscle

Question 8

Is the somatic nervous system under voluntary or involuntary control

Answer 8

Voluntary control

Question 9

Is the autonomic system under voluntary or involuntary control

Answer 9

Involuntary

Question 10

What is the general layout of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 10

2 neurones in series
1 cell body in the cns
1 cell body in the PNS

Question 11

What are the 2 neurones in the series called

Answer 11

Pre ganglion

Post ganglion

Question 12

What neurotransmitter does the pre ganglionic axon of the parasympathetic ns release

Answer 12

Acetylcholine

Question 13

What neurotransmitter does the post ganglionic axon of thf the parasympathetic ns release

Answer 13

Acetylcholine

Question 14

Which receptor does acetylcholine from the parasympathetic pre ganglion act on

Answer 14

Nicotinic receptor

Question 15

Which receptor does acetylcholine from the parasympathetic post ganglion act on

Answer 15

Muscarinic receptor

Question 16

What neurotransmitter does the sympathetic pre ganglionic axon release

Answer 16

Acetylcholine

Question 17

What neurotransmitter does the sympathetic post ganglionic axon release

Answer 17

Noradrenaline or adrenaline

Question 18

What receptor does acetylcholine from the sympathetic pre ganglionic axon act on

Answer 18

Nicotinic receptor

Question 19

What receptor does adrenaline/noradrenaline from the post ganglionic axon act on

Answer 19

Alpha or beta adrenoceptors

Question 20

Describe the relationship of sympathetic and parasympathetic ns

Answer 20

Dual innervation but have opposite effects

Question 21

How is the overall dominant effect from SNS and PNS action determined

Answer 21

From the balance of the PNS and SNS outputs

Question 22

What innervation does sweat glands receive

Answer 22

Sympathetic only

Question 23

Which 2 sources are origination of autonomic fibres

Answer 23

Cranial sacral source

Thoracolumbar sources

Question 24

Which source is for parasympathetic

Answer 24

Cranial-sacral

Question 25

Which source is for sympathetic

Answer 25

Thoracic-lumbar sources

Question 26

What is a thoracic lumbar source

Answer 26

All segments of the spinal cord between T1-L2

Question 27

What is the crania-sacral source

Answer 27

Cranial nerves: 3,7,9,10 | Spinal cord: S2,S3,S4

Question 28

Where are parasympathetic pre-ganglionic neurones found in the body

Answer 28

Dorsal vagus motor nucleus OR Spinal segments S2-S4

Question 29

What is the action of parasympathetic CN3

Answer 29

Pupillary constriction

Question 30

What is the action of parasympathetic CN7

Answer 30

Serous secretions

Question 31

What is the action of parasympathetic CN9

Answer 31

Serous secretions

Question 32

What is the action of parasympathetic CN10

Answer 32

Laryngeal function -neck only Rest of body Viscera

Question 33

What is the major pre-ganglionic fibre in the parasympathetic system

Answer 33

Vagus nerve

Question 34

Where does the parasympathetic vagus nerve synapse for the post-ganglionic neurones

Answer 34

Walls of the target organ

Question 35

Where does parasympathetic pre-ganglionic CN3,7,9 terminate for the post-ganglionic neurone

Answer 35

At pre-ganglionic nucleus

Question 36

Where does the sympathetic pre-ganglions originate from

Answer 36

Spinal neural levels of T1-L2/3

Question 37

Where does sympathetic preganglionic neurones terminate into post-ganglions

Answer 37

3 ways: Synapse at level of corresponding level Synapse at different level (up or down) Synapse in prevertebral chain

Question 38

What is the paravertebral chain

Answer 38

A chain lying also give the vertebral column bilaterally

Question 39

What is the prevertebral chain

Answer 39

Lies anterior to vertebral bodies in relation to carotid and abdominal aorta