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Oral Surgery > L2 - Head & Neck Exam > Flashcards

L2 - Head & Neck Exam Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

head area

A

occiput to hairline

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2
Q

head exam

components and characteristics

A

hair
- color, texture, distribution, quantity, ant pattern loss

look at scalp
- lumps or lesions

skull
- generalized size and contour

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3
Q

the face

- what to note

A

note facial expression and contours

note assymetry, involuntary movements, edema and masses

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4
Q

the skin

- what to note

A

note color, pigmentation, texture, thicness, hair distribution, and lesions

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5
Q

nose

- what to note

A 
asymmetry 
septum
turbinates 
polyps
assess pranasal sinuses 
smell
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6
Q

nose

- what to note

A 
asymmetry 
septum
turbinates 
polyps
assess pranasal sinuses 
smell
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7
Q

implication of nose following the septum

A

may indicate any septation or not

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8
Q

implication of nose following the septum

A

may indicate any septation or not

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9
Q

describe upper third of nose

A

supported by bone

the lower 2/3rds is supported by cartialge

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10
Q

below the turbinates?

A

is a groove, or meauts, each is named according to the turbinate above them

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11
Q

below the turbinates?

A

is a groove, or meauts, each is named according to the turbinate above them

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12
Q

two sinuses to examine

A

frontla and maxillary is what we should focus on

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13
Q

two sinuses to examine

A

frontla and maxillary is what we should focus on

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14
Q

acute sinusitis

A

localized tenderness, along with pain, fever, and nasal discharge may suggest sinusitis

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15
Q

acute sinusitis

A

localized tenderness, along with pain, fever, and nasal discharge may suggest sinusitis

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16
Q

what to note on the face skin

A

tecture, pigmentation, lesions

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17
Q

what to note on the eyes

- examine?

A 
visual acuity and visual fields
eyelids
lacrimal apparuatus 
conjunctiva, sclera, pupils
extraocular muscle movement
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18
Q

what to note on the face skin

A

texture, pigmentation, lesions

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19
Q

skeletal structures to examine

A

facial bones and TMK

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20
Q

facial bones look for

A

fractures and asymmetry

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21
Q

TMJ examine?

A

range of motion (40-50 mm)

click/ pop?

dislocation?

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22
Q

main things to look out in oral examination

- mouth/ oropharynx

A
  1. lips
  2. tongue
  3. palate
  4. floor of mouth
  5. buccal mucosa
  6. buccal vestibule
  7. Teeth
    - suggests always doing this last
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23
Q

lips look

A

observe color, moisture, any lumps, ulcers, or cracking

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24
Q

oral mucosa note

A

color, ulcers, white patches, and nodules

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25
gingiva note
color, pigmentation, ulcerations
26
face consists of what (dimensional)
hairline to mandible
27
neck consists of (dimensional)
mandible to clavicle
28
fine hair seen in? thick?
fine hair -- hyperthyroidism thick -- hypothyroidism
29
nits
tiny ovoid granules that adhere to hairs may be nits
30
signs of seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis
redness and scaling on the scalp
31
pilar cysts
soft lumps on scalp
32
hydrocephalus?
enlarged skull may signify this or Paget's disease of bone
33
signs of potential head trauma
palpable tenderness or step-offs
34
air enters nasal cavity by? then goes?
by the anterior naris -- then passes into a widened area known as the vestibule and on through the narrow nasal passage to the nasopharynx
35
nasal septum covered with
mucous member
36
vestibule lined with?
hair-beeding skin NOT mucosa
37
laterally in the nasal cavity
turbinates are present
38
covering turbinates
highly vascular mucous membrane that protrude into the nasal cavity the SA provided by the turbinates and the mucosal covering them help provide - cleansing - humidification - temperature control of inspired air
39
draining into the inferior meatus *
nasolacrimal duct
40
draining into the middle meatus?*
most of the paranasal sinuses
41
nasal polyps
pale sacklike growths of inflamed tissue that can obstruct the air passages or sinuses
42
conditions conducive to polyps
- allergic rhinitis - aspirin sensitivity - asthma - chronic sinus infection - cystic fibrosis
43
pharynx examine?
symmetry, exudate?, swelling, ulceration, or tonsillar enlargement palpate areas that are suspicious for evidence of induration or tenderness
44
common abnormalities
1. malocclusion 2. dentofacial deformities 3. trauma 4. masses 5. pigmented lesions 6. ulcers
45
common lesions on palate
1. salivary gland pathology 2. kaposi's sarcoma (HIV pt's) -- darker 3. traumatic ulcers 4. torus
46
common swellings associated with the lips
1. fibroma 2. lymphangioma 3. hemangioma 4. mucocele
47
sensory disturbances in tongue originate what nerve
V and IX
48
taste problems - what nerves
VII and IX
49
common swellings on tongue
1. hemangioma 2. lymphangioma 3. malignancy
50
Ranula
sublingual gland lesions - associated with floor of the mouth
51
whartons duct location? if pathology?
floor of mouth -- can cause submandibular gland obstruction
52
buccal mucosa note?
``` a lot! check for any lesions - leukoplakic lesions - CA in-situ - malignancy - hyperkaratosis ```
53
wickham's striae aka
lichen plaus | - buccal mucosa
54
stenson's duct lesion where
parotid lesion-- look on buccal mucosa
55
what to check in the buccal vestibule
1. alveolar ridge height/ width 2. frenum 3. buccal / vestibular infections of odontogenic origin
56
when you find a swelling what do you note (6 aspects)
1. size and shape 2. tenderness 3. consistency / texture 4. fixation to structures 5. rate of growth 6. color/ pigmentation
57
charactieristics of inflammatory swelling
1. short duration 2. tender 3. erythematous 4. movable try to localize source
58
characteristics of neoplastic swellings
1. longer duration 2. rate of growth (benign vs. malignant) 3. fixed 4. tender or non-tender
59
what to note when see an ulcer
1. size 2. shapre 3. margins - rolled, inverted, everted, etc etiology if known
60
what to look at on neck exam
1. lymph 2. cervical spine 3. range of motion 4. trachea 5. thyroid gland 6. carotid pulse
61
lymph node examination | - note?
1. size 2. location 3. texture 4. tenderness 5. movable vs fixed
62
true or false focus on CC with exam
no

Oral Surgery (26 decks)

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