L2 (MEDICAL ASEPSIS)

Question 1

involves a reduction in numbers of infectious agents
but does not necessarily reduce it to zero

Answer 1

Medical Asepsis

Question 2

The microbes are not eliminated, however, instead, their
environment is altered so that it is not conducive to growth and reproduction

Answer 2

Medical Asepsis

Question 3

the procedure used to prevent contamination of
microbes before surgery

Answer 3

Surgical Asepsis

Question 4

A set of infection control practices that healthcare personnel use to reduce transmission of microorganisms in healthcare settings.

Answer 4

STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

Question 5

Protect both healthcare personnel and patients from
contact with infectious agents.

Answer 5

STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

Question 6

2 STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

Answer 6

1. Hand Hygiene
2. Use personal protective equipment (PPE)

Question 7

(hand washing with soap and water or use of an alcohol-based hand sanitizer) before and after patient contact and after contact with the immediate patient care environment..

Answer 7

Hand Hygiene

Question 8

when exposure to blood, body fluids, excretions, secretions (except sweat), mucous membranes, or non-intact skin is anticipated.

Answer 8

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Question 9

PPE includes

Answer 9

1. Gloves
2. Mask, face shields and eye protection
3. Gowns

Question 10

when hand contamination is anticipated

Answer 10

Gloves

Question 11

when splashes may occur

Answer 11

Masks, face shields and eye protection

Question 12

when soiling of clothes may occur

Answer 12

Gowns

Question 13

Should be used by ___________ for patients regardless of the patient’s diagnosis and whether or not the patient is known to have a communicable infection.

Answer 13

healthcare personnel caring

Question 14

_________ should be used for all patients, all the time

Answer 14

Standard Precautions

Question 15

◦ Every year, an estimated _____ patients get a
hospital-related infection.
◦ ______ die from their infection.

Answer 15

2 million, 90,000

Question 16

______ is part of Standard Precautions. It can reduce the transmission of healthcare-associated infections – to your patients and to you

Answer 16

Hand hygiene

Question 17

When should you wash your hands?

Answer 17

• Whenever hands are visibly dirty or contaminated.
• Before:
  ◦ having contact with patients
  ◦ putting on gloves
  ◦ inserting any invasive device
  ◦ manipulating an invasive device
• After:
  ◦ having contact with a patient’s skin
  ◦ having contact with bodily fluids or excretions, non-
  intact skin, wound dressings, contaminated items
  ◦ having contact with inanimate objects near a patient
  ◦ removing glove

Question 18

Surfaces in the patient care environment – including
__________, __________, ________ – are often contaminated with bacteria.

Answer 18

bed rails, IV pumps, and even computer keyboards

Question 19

Methods of Maintaining Medical Asepsis

Answer 19

1. Handwashing

Question 20

prevent contamination of healthcare professional’s
hands and help reduce the spread of pathogens only

Answer 20

Gloves

Question 21

They are used properly and hand hygiene is
performed before and after wear

Answer 21

Gloves

Question 22

It’s important to know that gloves do not provide complete protection from hand contamination .That’s why hand hygiene is so important before and after glove use

Answer 22

Gloves

Question 23

8 Types of Waste:

Answer 23

1. Infectious Waste
2. Pathological Waste
3. Shaprs
4. Chemicals
5. Pharmaceuticals
6. Genotoxic Waste
7. Radioactive Waste
8. Heavy Metals waste

Question 24

contains potentially harmful micro- organisms which can infect hospital patients, health-care workers and the general public.

Answer 24

Healthcare waste

Question 25

Other potential infectious risks may include the spread of drug-resistant micro-organisms from health-care establishments into the environment

Answer 25

Healthcare waste

Question 26

_________ can also cause injuries

Answer 26

Waste and by-products

Question 27

a chemical substance that is used for disinfecting only an inanimate object e.g. ( phenol , chlorine )

Answer 27

Disinfectant

Question 28

refers to any process that effectively kills or eliminates transmissible agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, prions and spore forms etc.) from a surface, equipment, foods, medications, or biological culture medium.

Answer 28

Sterilization

Question 29

can be achieved through application of steam, chemical vapor sterilization, dry heat sterilization and ethylene oxide gas sterilization

Answer 29

Sterilization

Question 30

Moist heat in the form of saturated steam under pressure is the sterilant used in the steam sterilizer (autoclave).

Answer 30

Steam sterilization

Question 31

______ of medical devices is the least time consuming, and the preferred, method of sterilization for heat and moisture stable medical devices

Answer 31

Steam sterilization

Question 32

Unsaturated chemical vapor (a mixture of alcohol, water, ketones, and formaldehyde heated under pressure) is a typical sterilant used in this method of sterilization

Answer 32

Chemical Vapor Sterilization

Question 33

Hot air is the sterilant used in the dry heat sterilizer (hot air oven).

Answer 33

Dry Heat Sterilization

Question 34

It is a slow process because it depends upon higher temperatures to incinerate microorganisms.

Answer 34

Dry Heat Sterilization

Question 35

This method of sterilization is used for heat-stable, moisture-sensitive, or steam impermeable medical devices and products

Answer 35

Dry Heat Sterilization

Question 36

________ is the sterilant used for gas sterilization.

Answer 36

Ethylene Oxide Sterilization

Question 37

This method of sterilization is used for heat-sensitive items

Answer 37

Ethylene Oxide Sterilization

Question 38

Of the total amount of waste generated by health-care activities, about ___% is general waste.

Answer 38

80%

Question 39

The remaining ___% is considered hazardous material that may be infectious, toxic or radioactive.

Answer 39

20%

Question 40

Every year an estimated ________________ are administered worldwide, but not all of the needles and syringes are properly disposed of afterwards.

Answer 40

16,000 million injections

Question 41

contains potentially harmful microorganisms which can infect hospital patients, health-care workers and the general public

Answer 41

Healthcare waste

Question 42

Chain of Infection

Answer 42

Infectious Agent Reservoir of infection Portal of exit Mode of transmission Portal of entry Susceptible host

Question 43

- the state of being free from living pathogenic organisms - the methods of achieving a germ-free condition

Answer 43

Asepsis

Question 44

The strips below each package show the way they looked before sterilization

Answer 44

Sterilize Packages

Question 45

The tape that seals this pack was originally a plain, light color. The strips appeared on the tape when conditions for sterility were achieved.

Answer 45

Sterility Indicators

Question 46

Pathogen

Answer 46

Infectious organism

Question 47

Place where organism can thrive

Answer 47

Reservoir of infection

Question 48

Any avenue available to exit the body

Answer 48

Portal of Exit

Question 49

Route taken by pathogens from reservoir to susceptible host

Answer 49

Mode of transportation

Question 50

Any avenue available to enter the body

Answer 50

Portal of entry

Question 51

Person at risk for infection

Answer 51

Susceptible host

Question 52

A _______ must not be placed around the neck

Answer 52

Mask

Question 53

Hold hands in upward position while rinsing.

Answer 53

Surgical Handwashing