L4 (VITAL SIGNS)

Question 1

takes place in the lungs where CO2 is eliminated and oxygen is absorbed by the blood.

Answer 1

EXTERNAL RESPIRATION OR PULMONARY RESPIRATION

Question 2

Normal Rate of Breathing: Adult

Answer 2

15 to 20 times/min.

Question 3

• the volume of air inhaled and exhaled
• described as either shallow or deep

Answer 3

RESPIRATORY DEPTH

Question 4

shallow respirations with a rapid rate occur in some disease conditions such as high fever, shock and severe pain.

Answer 4

RESPIRATORY DEPTH

Question 5

an individual inspires

Answer 5

500 cc. of air

Question 6

fast, shallow breathing

Answer 6

TACHYPNEA

Question 7

noisy breathing

Answer 7

STERTOROUS

Question 8

the average arterial pressure throughout one cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole

Answer 8

MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE(MAP)

Question 9

influenced by cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance, each of which is influenced by several variables

Answer 9

MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE(MAP)

Question 10

the volume of blood flow from the heart through the ventricles, and is usually measured in liters per minute (L/min)

Answer 10

Cardiac Output

Question 11

refers to compliance, which is the ability of any compartment to expand to accommodate increased content

Answer 11

Peripheral Vascular Resistance

Question 12

can be calculated by the stroke volume multiplied by the heart rate

Answer 12

Cardiac Output

Question 13

the amount of blood moving through the body

Answer 13

Volume of Circulating Blood

Question 14

• a measure of the blood’s thickness and is influenced by the presence of plasma proteins and formed elements in the blood.

Answer 14

Viscosity of Blood

Question 15

refers to the capacity to resume its normal shape after stretching and compressing

Answer 15

Elasticity of Vessel Walls

Question 16

vessels larger than 10 mm in diameter are typically elastic

Answer 16

Elasticity of Vessel Walls

Question 17

the instrument used for measuring the pressure the blood exerts against the walls of the artery

Answer 17

THE SPHYGMOMANOMETER

Question 18

not as widely used as the aneroid version

Answer 18

Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Question 19

is a toxic substance and these sphygmomanometer are
being replaced for safety reasons

Answer 19

Mercury

Question 20

contain a column of mercury that rises as the pressure bulb is pressed and the rubber bladder inflated

Answer 20

Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Question 21

• a calibrated scale runs down both sides of the mercury column
• the reading is taken at eye level at the top of the mercury line next to a calibrated scale

Answer 21

Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Question 22

• must be placed vertically on the wall or on a flat, level surface so that the mercury will rise in a vertical position
• periodic calibration is necessary to maintain accuracy

Answer 22

Mercury Sphygmomanometer

Question 23

relatively inexpensive and easy to use

Answer 23

Electronic sphygmomanometer

Question 24

provides a digital readout on a lighted display, and does not require a stethoscope

Answer 24

Electronic sphygmomanometer

Question 25

provides a digital readout on a lighted display, and does not require a stethoscope

Answer 25

Electronic sphygmomanometer

Question 26

5 Parts of the Aneroid Sphymomanometer:

Answer 26

1. Gauge 2. Cuff 2. Pumping Bulb 4. Valve 5. Tubes

Question 27

a gadget that transmits and magnifies the sound obtaining in the Body

Answer 27

Stethoscope

Question 28

- the small tips on the ends of the ear tubes that fit into your ears. - some stethoscopes may have a choice of hard plastic or soft silicone Earpieces

Answer 28

Earpiece

Question 29

hollow metal tubes that connect to the acoustic tubes on one end and the earpieces on the other

Answer 29

Ear tube

Question 30

the soft flexible line of the stethoscope

Answer 30

Tubing

Question 31

the purpose is to maintain and transfer the frequency/sound level that is captured by the diaphragm or bell and send it to the ear tubes where it can make its way to the users ears

Answer 31

Tubing

Question 32

depending on the stethoscopes make and model the tubing may be made with a single tube or dual lumen tube design that connects to the metal/steel ear tubes

Answer 32

Tubing

Question 33

the combined components of the upper half of the stethoscope which include the ear tubes, tension springs and earpieces

Answer 33

Headset

Question 34

allows sound to flow efficiently into the ear canal so that their is minimal disturbance from the stethoscope.

Answer 34

Headset

Question 35

basically the metal /steel part of the stethoscope that connects the stethoscopes tubing to the chest piece

Answer 35

Stem

Question 36

aside from connecting the two components of the stethoscope it also allows the user to switch / click between the chest pieces diaphragm and bell by turning the chest piece and clicking it into place via the ball bearing

Answer 36

Stem

Question 37

composed of the connected stem, diaphragm and/or bell

Answer 37

Chest piece (head of the stethoscope)

Question 38

depending on the stethoscope it may feature either a single-head or dual head design that may or may not contain a lower-frequency bell

Answer 38

Chest piece (head of the stethoscope)

Question 39

Parts of stethoscope

Answer 39

a. Earpieces b. Ear tube c. Tubing d. Headset e. Stem f. Chest piece (head of the stethoscope)