L25- bladder physio Flashcards
where does the urine flow from and to where and by what
- flows from the renall calyces into renal pelves (upper ureter)
- peristaltic waves from the atypical SM cells encourages the urine to flow down the ureter into the bladder
what can obstruct the flow of urine
0kidney stones - they are barely soluble constituents of urine
how is the urine accommodated i the bladder
the bladder can expand to store the urine
what does the urinary bladder wall consist of
- urothelium
- lamina propria
- detrusor SM
- serosa
properties of urothelium
- has TJs to reduce permeability in the wall, this is useful because of the high osmo in the urine
- has umbrella cells
- there’s signalling from the urothelial cells to lamia propria and detrusor to store urine
what is lamina propria
- has blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, interstitial cells in the connective mesh
- nerves detect chemical and mechanical stimuli as they are sensory
properties of detrusor
consists of SM cell in bunles and arranged in irregular pattern
-innervated by ANS
-PNS- causing contraction by having ACH acting on muscarinic receptors
SNS- has NAd acting on beta-adrenoreceptors, causing relaxation
continence meaning
sphincter active to prevent leakage
- low pressure reservoir to store urine
voidence meaning
sphincter relax and this increases pressure in the reservoir to release urine
why is there skeletal muscle in the area of the lower part of the bladder - sphincter area
to help the sphincter contract or relax
what happens during contience
- SNS(somatic) active to keep the skeletal sphincter contracted
- SNS(ANS) active to contract the SM sphincter
- PNS inactive
- this keeps the bladder closed
what happens during voiding
PNS active and other SNS AND SNS(ANS) inactive
-walls of bladder contract to release urine
when in urinary continence a problem
urinary tract infection - increases leakage
- stroke
- pelvic floor injury
drugs for overactive bladder
antimuscarninc drugs
- botox
- beta adrenorecpetor agonists
