L3

Question 1

What percent of body weight is muscle?

Answer 1

40%

Question 2

What is a muscle made of?

Answer 2

80% water and most of the solid matter is protein

Question 3

What are the types of muscle?

Answer 3

1) smooth
2) skeletal
3) cardiac

Question 4

Which type of muscle moves involuntarily and is visceral?

Answer 4

smooth

Question 5

Which type of muscle moves voluntarily and is striated?

Answer 5

skeletal

Question 6

Which type of muscle can be found in the heart?

Answer 6

cardiac

Question 7

What are 3 traits of smooth muscles?

Answer 7

1) not under voluntary control
2) slow/sustained contraction
3) found in blood vessels and internal organs (viscera)

Question 8

What are 3 traits of cardiac muscles?

Answer 8

1) found only in the heart
2) striated
3) involuntary

Question 9

Cardiac muscle looks more like _______ muscle than ______ muscle.

Answer 9

skeletal; smooth

Question 10

Cardiac muscle is controled like _______ muscle, but is structured/looks like ______ muscle.

Answer 10

smooth; skeletal

Question 11

What four things does all skeletal muscle have?

Answer 11

1) artery
2) vein
3) nerve
4) tendon

Question 12

What is the function of skeletal muscle arteries?

Answer 12

provide an oxygenated blood supply

Question 13

What is the function of skeletal muscle veins?

Answer 13

provide an escape for used blood

Question 14

What is the function of skeletal muscle nerves?

Answer 14

provide impulses needed for activation

Question 15

What is the function of skeletal muscle tendons?

Answer 15

attatch the muscle to bone

Question 16

What are the 2 specialized sense organs in skeletal muscles for signaling tension?

Answer 16

1) golgi tendon organs

2) spindles

Question 17

What are golgi tendon organs sensitive to?

Answer 17

muscle tension

Question 18

What are spindles sensitive to?

Answer 18

the rate of length change

Question 19

What is the sheath that surrounds the whole muscle?

Answer 19

epimysium

Question 20

What is the basic contractile unit in a muscle?

Answer 20

sarcomere

Question 21

What are the two types of mylofilaments?

Answer 21

1) myosin (thick)

2) actin (thin)

Question 22

What is another name for myosin?

Answer 22

cross bridges

Question 23

When a muscle contacts, the _____ moves inward towards the center of the ________, which stays stationary.

Answer 23

actin; myosin

Question 24

When a muscle contracts, the _________ gets smaller

Answer 24

sarcomere

Question 25

What causes the force of contraction in muscle?

Answer 25

the buds or cross bridges

Question 26

How does a muscle contract?

Answer 26

the buds reach out, attatch to actin, and pull in, then repeat

Question 27

A muscle can shorten up to ___% of its resting length when it contracts.

Answer 27

80

Question 28

A (longer/shorter) muscle has a greater _____ of ________.

Answer 28

longer; range of motion

Question 29

A (thinner/thicker) muscle has greater ______.

Answer 29

thicker; power

Question 30

What are the three types of muscle architecture?

Answer 30

1) parallel 2) radiating 3) pennate

Question 31

What are muscle fibers called?

Answer 31

fasiculi

Question 32

What are two examples of parallel muscles?

Answer 32

1) long thigh muscle | 2) rectus abdominus (ab muscle)

Question 33

What is an example of radiating muscles?

Answer 33

1) temporalis pectoralis major

Question 34

What is an example of pennate muscles?

Answer 34

1) mylohyoid muscle (under the chin)

Question 35

What is another name for parallel muscles?

Answer 35

fusiform

Question 36

What is another name for radiating muscles?

Answer 36

fan-shaped

Question 37

What is another name for pennate muscles?

Answer 37

feather

Question 38

Describe parallel muscles:

Answer 38

long, cylindrical (arm, legs) or broad (abdomen)

Question 39

Describe radiating muscles:

Answer 39

tapered at one end, converge from a broad area of attatchment to a narrow point of attatchment

Question 40

Describe pennate muscles:

Answer 40

many short fasiculi that branch from a tendon that runs the length of the muscle

Question 41

What is the range of motion of each of these types of muscles? a) parallel b) radiating c) pennate

Answer 41

a) large range of motion (due to longer fasciculi) b) smaller range of motion c) small range of motion

Question 42

The force of muscle contraction depends on what?

Answer 42

cross section of muscle (# of contracting fibers) and more fibers = more force

Question 43

The range of motion of a muscle depends on what?

Answer 43

the length of the muscle