L54 - Reproductive System Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the anatomy of the male reproductive system? (12)
- pubic bone
- vas deferens
- urinary bladder
- ejaculatory duct
- ureter
- seminal vesicle
- prostate gland
- bulbourethral gland
- epididymis
- testis
- urethra
- penis
Where is the site of sperm production and hormone synthesis in the male reproductive system? (2)
- seminiferous tubes
- in testes
What is spermatogenesis? (2)
- production of sperm
- from primordial cells
What are the cells involved in spermatogenesis? (2)
- sertoli cells
- leydic cells
What do sertoli cells do?
site of sperm production
What do leydig cells do?
sites of testosterone synthesis
What is the synthesis of androgens? (4)
- cholesterol
- pregnenolone
- progesterone
- progesterone to glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, androgens
What happens to androgens after their synthesis? (2)
- androstenedione testosterone
- dihydrotestosterone
What are the actions of androgens? (5)
- testes - spermatogenesis
- male sex characs - differentiation of reproductive organs, secondary sex characteristics, sex drive
- hypothalamus - dec GnRH secretion
- pituitary - dec LH secretion
- metabolism - protein anabolism, bone growth, stim erythropoeitin
What is hormonal control of the testes?
- hypothalamus - secretes GnRH
- anterior pituitary - secretes FHS, LH
- FSH - sertoli cells - stim spermatogenesis, inhibin
- LH - testosterone
What does inhibin -ve fb?
anterior pituitary - secretion of FSH
What does testosterone -ve fb? (2)
- anterior pituitary - secretion of LH
- hypothalamus - secretion of GnRH
What is andropause?
steady dec in testosterone secretion beginning at 40yrs
What are examples of male contraceptive? (2)
- male condoms
- vasectomy
What is the anatomy of female reproductive system? (6)
- uterus
- fallopian tube
- ovary - follicle, corpus luteum
- endometrium
- cervix
- vagina
What are the ovarian functions? (4)
- oogenesis
- maturation of the oocyte
- ovulation
- secretion of the female sex steroid hormones
What is oogenesis? (3)
- ovum production
- monthly occurrence in ovarian follicles
- part of ovarian cycle - follicular, luteal phase
What is the follicular phase under control of?
FSH - follicle stimulating hormone
What is the luteal phase under control of?
- ovulation and corpus luteum formation
- LH - lutenising hormone
What do thecal cells do?
develop and secrete oestrogen
What do corpus luteum cells do?
develop and secrete progesterone
What are the steps in ovarian follicle development? (6)
- primordial follicle
- primary follicle
- early antrum formation
- mature antral follicle
- fuse with edge of ovary
- ovulation
What are the functions of the uterus? (3)
- mechanical protection
- nutritional support
- waste removal for dev embryo and fetus
What does the uterine cycle involve?
changes in the uterine wall
