L7.3 - The Bones of Skeleton Flashcards
(49 cards)
Skeleton
The primary system of organs responsible for providing a supportive internal framework for the body consisting of some 206 individual bones
Skull
A semi-spherical structure consisting of several fused bones that surround and protect the brain, support the mouth & nasal passages, and support major sensory organs such as the ears and eyes - 22 fused bones make up the structure of the face and braincase
Neurocranium
The brain case - consists of eight fused bones
Viscerocranium
The facial bones - consists of 14 fused bones
Mandible
Lower jaw
Ossicles
Ear bones, three in each ear that articulate and move to transfer and amplify the passage of sound waves from the outer ear to the inner ear - the smallest bones in the human skeleton
Spine
AKA spinal column or vertebral column, a stack of 33 individual bones that provides the primary vertical support for the human body
Vertebra
An individual bone of the spinal column
Body
The large, round, weight bearing portion of the bone consisting of both cortical and cancellous bone
Vertebral Foramen
Opening behind the body through which the spinal cord passes through
Transverse processes
Projections of bone that extend laterally that provide attachment points for muscles, ligaments, and the ribs
Thoracic vertebrae
T1-T12, the 12 articulated vertebrae between the neck and lower back. Supports the bones and muscles of the upper back, chest, rib cage, and pectoral girdle
Lumbar Vertebrae
L1-L5, the five large articulated bones of the lower back (lumbar region) that primarily transfer vertical load forces from the upper body to the bones and the muscles of the pelvic girdle and legs
Clavicle
AKA collar bone, a strut that forms the only rigid connection between the shoulder joint and the rest of the skeleton
Scapula
AKA shoulder blade, a flat bone that “floats” on top of the back of the shoulder that forms the shoulder joint
Humerus
Upper arm bone
Radius
Outer long bone of the lower arm, rotates around the ulna to allow for supination and pronation of wrist & hand
Ulna
Elbow bone, the inner long bone of the lower arm and the non-rotating bone of the lower arm
Manus
Latin word for hand
Carpals
Eight wrist bones between the lower arm bones and the palmar bones
Metacarpals
Five palmar bones that are numbered I through V from thumb side to pinky side
Phalanges
Finger bones
Rib cage
Bony and cartilaginous structure that provides that primary structural support for the organs of the thoracic cavity and the muscles that enable breathing
Ribs
Flattened, curved struts that connect the spine to the sternum
