L8: Apraxia

Question 1

praxis =

Answer 1

the ability to produce purposeful, learned movements

Question 2

apraxia =

Answer 2

disturbed ability to produce purposeful, learned movement

Question 3

in apraxia, the incorrect performance cannot be explained by…

Answer 3

weakness, discoordination, akinesia, abnormal reflexes, impaired auditory comp, cog impairment, mental health issues, or impaired visual/tactile perception

Question 4

3 subtypes of apraxia are

Answer 4

apraxia of speech

ideomotor

ideational

Question 5

apraxia of speech =

Answer 5

disruption of motor planning, sequencing and programming (of speech subsystems) or volitional speech production

Question 6

ideomotor apraxia

Answer 6

impaired execution of simple, learned movements (ex. combing hair)

limb and oral (ex. brushing teeth, blowing a kiss)

Question 7

ideational apraxia

Answer 7

impaired execution of complex, sequential movements w objects despite intact indv movements (ex. steps to brushing teeth, dressing apraxia)

severe form of ideomotor apraxia ? possibly

Question 8

apraxia often fails to be

Answer 8

recognized or is wrongly diagnosed

Question 9

in a natural setting, persons w apraxia will perform learned volitional movements….

Answer 9

normally, especially when they can see and manipulate objects they have known previously to their proper environment(s)

Question 10

apraxia, especially marked in the acute stage of causative lesion(s), can resolve ______

Answer 10

fairly rapidly

Question 11

In apraxia of speech sound selection and sound ordering are assumed to be ____ (phonology)

Answer 11

intact

Question 12

apraxia results from

Answer 12

an impairment in the capacity to order the position of speech musculature and sequencing of muscle movements for volitional production and sequencing of phonemes

Question 13

in AOS, speech production errors are not related to

Answer 13

aphasia

Question 14

AOS often has an _____ or ____ onset

Answer 14

acute or progressive

Question 15

what are the diagnostic challenges of Apraxia?

Answer 15

symp overlap

inconsistent terminology

symp continuum

need to assess across diff tasks and conditions

transcription variation

Question 16

linguistic and psychological “weight” ____ number of errors

Answer 16

increases

Question 17

in AOS, high frequency words lead to _____, whereas low freq words lead to ___

Answer 17

higher accuracy

lower accuracy

Question 18

in AOS, substantive words are _____ than function words

Answer 18

better/more accurate

(ex. articles, prepositions)

Question 19

in AOS, imitation produces ___ errors, whereas spontaneous production produces ____ errors

Answer 19

more

fewer

Question 20

in AOS, errors ____ when auditory visual stimulation is available

Answer 20

decrease

Question 21

ratings of apraxia of speech should be based on speech samples that include:

Answer 21

brief conversation

solicited narrative or oral reading of a short paragraph

supplemental tasks (ex. speech AMRs and SMRs, word rep, sentence rep)

Question 22

ideomotor apraxia involves the

Answer 22

impaired ability to produce simple, learned movements on command (limb or oral) or to demonstrate use of common objects on command that are easily performed spontaneously (ex. brushing teeth)

Question 23

ideomotor apraxia involves difficulty with _____, _____, and _____ of movements

Answer 23

selection

sequencing

spatial orientation

Question 24

in ideomotor apraxia they will have the greatest difficulty when asked to…

Answer 24

make believe/imagine using a tool or instrument (i.e. not using actual item) = transitive

Question 25

ideomotor apraxia is common in

Answer 25

Broca's, TCM and conduction aphasia

Question 26

ideational apraxia is

Answer 26

the inability to carry out a series of acts despite adequate performance of indv movements ex. steps in making a sandwich

Question 27

ideational apraxia is observed in either or

Answer 27

both upper limbs, often associated w language probs

Question 28

ideational apraxia is usually due to damage in

Answer 28

LH occipitoparietal regions or from diffuse brain disease (ex. Alzheimer's)

Question 29

all apraxic errors (both limb and oral buccal) results in

Answer 29

total failure to perform movement incorrect performance of movement

Question 30

oral-buccal apraxic errors result in:

Answer 30

incomplete movements onomatopoetic responses (ex. say cough instead of cough) achieving the purpose of the movement by using the hand (ex. wiping the lips w the hand rather than licking them) self-cueing

Question 31

limb apraxic errors result in:

Answer 31

use of body part as the object (ex. comb w hand) occasionally make errors in seq various movements can make spatial errors