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Flashcards in LA symposium Deck (30)
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1
Q

what are sharps

A
  • sharps are needles, blades and other medical instruments that are necessary for carrying out work and could cause an injury by cutting or pricking the skin
2
Q

what are some sharps routinely used in dentistry

A
  • hand scalers
  • ultrasonic scalers
  • burrs
  • probes
  • scalpel
  • needles
3
Q

who’s responsibility is it to dispose of sharps

A
  • it is the responsibility of the person using the sharp to dispose of it correctly and safely
  • can delegate someone to take care of your sharps but if they get injured it is your responsibility
4
Q

what do the health and safety regulations 2013 require in relation to sharps

A
  • they apply to employers and contractors working in the healthcare sector
  • requires effective arrangement in place for the safe use and disposal of medical sharps = avoid unnecessary use, safer sharps where reasonable practicable
  • requires information and training to workers
  • requires investigation and action taken in response to sharps injuries
5
Q

what do the different colour lids of bins show

A
  • these identify the waste streams

- it is essential that the correct waste stream is used

6
Q

how should the sharps bin be used

A
  • the temporary closure mechanism should be closed when the container is not in use
  • the lid should be firmly closed in place
  • do not fill above the line = container should be closed once line is reached
  • all details should be completed when the container is assembled and prior to disposal
7
Q

what goes in the blue lidded sharps container

A
  • sharps that still have medicine left in the syringe/ampoule
8
Q

what goes in the orange lidded sharps container

A
  • sharps that do not have any medicine left in the syringe/ampoule
9
Q

is the medical history important for sharps injuries

A
  • you want to have the medical history of the patient available but you can’t guarantee that is is all true
  • need to do blood tests anyway
10
Q

what is ARC

A
  • response to sharps injury
  • A = are you injured
  • R = remove your gloves
  • C = check the area carefully
11
Q

what must you do if you think you have sustained a sharps injury

A
  • stop what you are doing
  • take off your gloves
  • get supervising clinical immediately and explain the situation
  • investigate the ‘injury’ site, confirm there is NO injury before commencing with treatment
  • dispose of used sharp and begin again with new sharp
12
Q

what form must be filled out if you sustain a sharps injury

A
  • DATIX form
13
Q

who fills out the risk assessment

A
  • not the student who has been injured

- information from the risk assessment must NOT be written in the case notes

14
Q

what happens after the risk assessment is complete

A
  • phone occupational health

- risk assessment destroyed once occupational health has been phoned

15
Q

what is in the risk assessment form

A
  • quite personal questions
  • 10 questions
  • if any of 4-10 are marked YES then source is deemed high risk
16
Q

when is occupational health phoned

A
  • after risk assessment completed and patient outcome known
17
Q

where is the patients blood sample taken

A
  • in house
18
Q

where is the students blood sample taken

A
  • out of house or A&E
19
Q

what is the full management of an occupational exposure incident

A
  • perform first aid
  • is skin/tissue affected
    = yes - then encourage are not bleed, do not suck damaged skin, wash with warm water and non-antimicrobial soap, use saline if no water available
    = no - are eyes/ mouth affected = yes - rinse with copious water, use eye/mouth wash kits if available
  • then report incident as per local procedures or investigation, this should be proportionate to the potential severity of the incident, ensure that any corrective action are undertaken
  • ensure that the item that causes the injury is disposed of safely
  • then risk asses, take patient blood sample, take student blood sample then fill out DATIX form
20
Q

what must you do if you wear contact lenses and your eyes are affected

A
  • rinse/irrigate your eyes with water, then remove your lenses, then irrigate again
21
Q

what is written in DATIX form if student is injured

A
  • students details must be added into the person affected section
22
Q

what is written in the DATIX form if patient is injured

A
  • patients details entered into person affected
  • student details added as witness
  • student number added into summary of event
23
Q

what is the risk of acquisition of hep b

A
  • 1 in 3 = 30%
24
Q

what is the incubation period and treatment for hep b

A
  • incubation period is 3-6 months

- effective vaccine is available and essential

25
Q

what is the risk of acquisition of hep c

A
  • 1 in 30 = 3%
26
Q

what is the incubation period and treatment of hep c

A
  • incubation period is 20 years

- no vaccine available but there is a cure

27
Q

what is the risk of acquisition of HIV

A
  • 1 in 300 = 0.3%
28
Q

what is the incubation period and treatment of HIV

A
  • incubation period if 10 years

- no vaccine but there is good antivirals

29
Q

what happens if student receives a sharps injury

A
  • student needs immediate access to medical advice
  • student offered post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) within the hour
  • any other medical treatment as advised by a registered medical practitioner
  • consider counselling
30
Q

summary of what to do after sharps injury

A
  • stop procedure
  • inform the patient
  • make the sharp safe
  • first aid
  • clinician
  • risk assessment
  • occupational health
  • consent = bloods
  • paperwork
  • DATIX