lab 10

Question 1

what are the functional classifications for joints?

Answer 1

synarthroses (immovable), amphiarthroses (slight movement), diarthroses (freely moveable)

Question 2

what are the structural classifications for joints?

Answer 2

fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, and synovial joints

Question 3

what are fibrous joints?

Answer 3

sutures or syndesmoses, both are synarthroses

Question 4

what are cartilaginous joints?

Answer 4

synchondroses (synarthroses) or symphyses (amphiarthroses),

Question 5

what are the 6 synovial joints?

Answer 5

-plane or gliding joints (dia).
-hinge joints (dia)
-pivot joint (dia)
-condyloid or ellipsoid joints (diarthroses)
-saddle joints (diarthroses)
-ball and socket joints (diarthroses)

Question 6

what are the parts of a synovial joint?

Answer 6

-joint cavity- seperates bones.
-articular cart- covers bones.
-articular capsule- encloses joint cav.
-synovial mem- secretes synovial fluid.
-synovial fluid- fills cavity, lubricates joint, and nurishes articular cart.
liagments- supports joints

Question 7

what are the movements at synovial joints?

Answer 7

abduction
adduction
flexion
extentsion
hyperextension
rotation
circumduction
proation
supination
eversion
inversion

Question 8

abduction and adduction

Answer 8

ab- body part moves away from medial line.
ad-body part moves towards mid line

Question 9

flexion and extension

Answer 9

fl- decreases distances between bones, brings closer
ex- increases distance between bones, farther apart

Question 10

hyperextension

Answer 10

extention beyond anatomical position

Question 11

rotation

Answer 11

changing direction of body part, looking the other way, turing your head

Question 12

circumduction

Answer 12

circle motion at distal end of limb

Question 13

pronation and supination

Answer 13

pro-movement of hand from palm up to palm down
sup- movement of hand from palm down to palm up

Question 14

what are the ligaments of the shoulder?

Answer 14

arcomioclavicular, coracoclavicular, coracoacrominal, coracohumeral, and glenohumeral

Question 15

what are the ligaments of the knee?

Answer 15

posterior and anterior cruciate, patellar, tibial collateral, and fibular collateral

Question 16

what are the ligaments of the hip joints?

Answer 16

iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral

Question 17

what is the origin? insertion?

Answer 17

or- attachment site of a muscle
in- attachment site that moves

Question 18

what is agonist and antagonist?

Answer 18

ag- muscle that is responsible for causing the movement
an-muscle that stretches due to agonist

Question 19

what is fixator and synergist?

Answer 19

fix- stabilize the origin of the agonist and movement
syn- contract at the same time and agonist

Question 20

masseter

Answer 20

o-zygomatic arch
i-lateral mandible
a-closes jaw by elevating mandible

Question 21

sternoclidomastoid

Answer 21

o-sternum and medial clavicle
i-mastoid process of temporal bone
a-flex neck, rotate head

Question 22

pectoralis major

Answer 22

o- clavicle, sternum, and cart of upper ribs
i- humerus
a-flexes and rotates arm at shoulder joint

Question 23

deltoid

Answer 23

o- acromion process and spine of scapula, lateral third of clavicle
i- deltoid tuberosity of humerus
a- contracts and rotates arm

Question 24

latissimus dorsi

Answer 24

o- spinous processes, vertebrae and lower ribs
i- humerus
a- extends and moves arm at shoulder joint

Question 25

triceps brachii

Answer 25

o- scapula and humerus i- olecranon process of ulna a- extends forearm

Question 26

biceps brachii

Answer 26

o- scapula i- radial tuberosity a- flexes forearm, supinates forearm

Question 27

brachioradialis

Answer 27

o-lateral humerus i-radius styloid process a-flex forearm

Question 28

flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 28

o-medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process of ulna i-metacarpal V a- flex hand, adducts hand at wrist

Question 29

extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 29

o- lat epicondyle of humerus i- metacarpal V a- extend hand adducts hand at wrist

Question 30

rectus abdoninus

Answer 30

o- pubic i- sternum and cartilage of ribs a-flex and rotate lumbar region, compress abdominal contents

Question 31

gluteus maximus

Answer 31

o-postierior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx i- post of femur a-extends thigh at hip and laterally rotates thigh

Question 32

adductor longus

Answer 32

o- pubis i- post femur a- adducts and flexes thigh at hip, medially rotates thigh

Question 33

rectus femoris

Answer 33

o-ilium and acetabulum i-patella and tibial tuberosity a- extent lower leg and flex thigh

Question 34

vastus lateralis

Answer 34

o-trochanter and post femur i- patella and tibial tuberosity a- extend lower leg and stabilize knee

Question 35

vastus medialis

Answer 35

o- medial femur i- patella and tibial tuberosity a- extend lower leg

Question 36

vastus intermedius

Answer 36

o- anterior and lateral femur i- patella and tibial tuberosity a-extend lower leg

Question 37

biceps femoris

Answer 37

o- ischial tuberosity i- head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia a- extends thigh and lat rotates leg, flexes lower leg

Question 38

semitendinosus

Answer 38

o- ischial tuberosity i- medial tibia a- extend thigh and flex lower leg, medially rotates leg

Question 39

semimembranosus

Answer 39

o- ischial tuberosity i- medial condyle of tibia a- extend thigh and flex lower leg and medially rotates leg

Question 40

tibialis anterior

Answer 40

o- lat condyle and lat surface of tibia i- tarsal bone and metatarsal a- dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Question 41

gastronemius

Answer 41

o- lat and medial condyles of femur i- posterior surface of calcaneus a- plantar flexes foot and lower leg

Question 42

extensor digitorum longus

Answer 42

o- lat condyle of tibia and anterior surface of fibula i- middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 a- dorsiflexes and eversion of foot and extends toes

Question 43

inversion

Answer 43

rotating towards medial line

Question 44

eversion

Answer 44

rotating away from medial line

Question 45

dorsi flexion

Answer 45

the backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot

Question 46

plantar flexion

Answer 46

the movement of the foot in a downward motion away from the body