lab 2: 12 months-12 years

Question 1

pediatric age groups:
young toddler is __

Answer 1

12-18 months

Question 2

pediatric client population:
older toddler is

Answer 2

24-36 months

Question 3

pediatric client population:
preschooler is

Answer 3

3-5 years

Question 4

pediatric client population: school aged

Answer 4

5-11 years

Question 5

pediatric client population: adolescent

Answer 5

11-18 years

Question 6

pediatric client population: young adult

Answer 6

18-21 years

Question 7

pediatric client population: adults

Answer 7

22+

Question 8

initial walking (after learning in first 3-6 months)

Answer 8

short steps
high guard
wide BOS
toes out (ER)
short SLS (32% cycle)
knee flexed in stance

Question 9

immature walking at about 2 years old: should have what two things?

Answer 9

1. reciprocal arm swing
2. heel strike

*should be present by 18 months, if not at 2 years, may indicate pathological gait

Question 10

when does mature walking occur?

Answer 10

7 years old

Question 11

what age can child skip

Answer 11

6 years

Question 12

what age can child jump rope

Answer 12

8 years old

Question 13

what 3 milestones should child achieve in school age child (5-11 years)

Answer 13

1. skipping at 6
2. walking mature at 7
3. jump rope at 8

Question 14

at what age pincer grasp?

Answer 14

10 months

Question 15

at what age palmar supinate grasp

Answer 15

12-15 months

Question 16

at what age digital pronate grasp?

Answer 16

2-3 years

Question 17

at what age quadrupod grasp and/or static tripod grasp?

Answer 17

3-4 years

Question 18

at what age dynamic tripod grasp?

Answer 18

4-6 years

Question 19

typical development of pencil grasp:

Answer 19

1. pincer -10 mo
2. palmar supinate 12-15 months
3. digital pronate grasp: 2-3 years
4. quadrupod grasp/static tripod grasp 3-4 years
5. dynamic tripod grasp 4-6 years

Question 20

at what age can you MMT a child?

Answer 20

8 years old

Question 21

if child can heel or toe walk, what is the gross MMT grade?

Answer 21

3 or 3+ gross grade with bilateral DF/PF

Question 22

young toddler (12-18 mo) can do:

Answer 22

1. walk freely
2. creep up stairs
3. stoop to pick up objects

Question 23

older toddler (18-35 mo) can:

Answer 23

begin to run (very coronal/sagittal)
creep backwards down stairs, climb stairs using railing

Question 24

typical 2 year old can:

Answer 24

walk
run
climb up/down stairs
jump off bottom step
jump in place
kick ball
steer push toy
ride tricycle

Question 25

typical 2.5 year old can:

Answer 25

-walk tiptoe -jump w/ both feet in place -jump forward -stand on one foot -walk upstairs w/ both feet on step -throw/catch ball using whole body (arms/body)

Question 26

at what age is a TRUE RUN

Answer 26

3 years old

Question 27

typical 3 year old can:

Answer 27

-true run -walk upstairs alternating -ride tricycle w/ alternating feet -jump over 2 inch object -hop on one foot -jump further -stands on one foot longer -walk down stairs alternating feet

Question 28

what can a 3.5 year old do:

Answer 28

-can hop few steps on preferred leg -kick a ball -mount/dismount 3 wheel riding vehicle

Question 29

what can typical 4 year old do:

Answer 29

-walk down stairs alternating feet -GALLOP FORWARD -jump forward 2 feet-feet together -walk carrying object blocking view of floor -rotation of body follows throw of ball

Question 30

when can child gallop?

Answer 30

4 year old

Question 31

what can typical 4.5 year old do?

Answer 31

-catch ball if prepared -jump in air 2-3 inches -lean forward when jumping from a height

Question 32

what can a 5 year old do?

Answer 32

-STOP/CHANGE DIRECTIONS WHEN RUNNING -hop 8-10 steps on 1 foot -throw ball, hit target at 10 feet -roller skate -bike ride

Question 33

in first 3-6 months after learning how to walk (1.5 ish years), what does initial walking look like?

Answer 33

LOB unpredictable rigid, halting steps short steps -high guard -flat foot contact -WIDE BOS -toe out -brief single limb stance -knee flexion stance

Question 34

what does immature walking look like? around 2 yrs

Answer 34

-occasional LOB -smoother, increased step length -ARM SWING, HEEL STRIKE -BOS within lateral dimensions of trunk -less ER/toe out -VERTICAL LIFT greater knee flexion after foot strike, extend before toe off

Question 35

mature walking looks like:

Answer 35

38% of gait cycle in single limb stance (32% at initial, 34% at immature) relaxed elongated gait, 48 cm step length

Question 36

what should be present by 18 months? Absence at 2 years may indicate pathological gait

Answer 36

1. reciprocal arm swing 2. heel strike 3. greater knee flexion after foot strike, extension before toe off

Question 37

children born prematurely (before 37 weeks) who have a PCA of ___ may be required to stay overnight after general anesthesia

Answer 37

PCA less than 55 PCA = __weeks at birth + __weeks since birth

Question 38

what is considered extreme prematurity?

Answer 38

before 28 weeks

Question 39

what is considered a "very low birth weight?"

Answer 39

less than 1500 g (3.3 lbs)

Question 40

what are strong predictors of outcome?

Answer 40

gestational age and weight