Lab 2: Chemistry & Cell

Question 1

Organic

Answer 1

Contains atoms of 2 or more diff elements
- Contains C (and usually H)
- Large molecules

• Classified into carb, protein, nucleic acid, lipids

Question 2

Inorganic

Answer 2

Simple structure
- No carbon
- Water, salt, acids and bases

Question 3

inorganic exceptions

Answer 3

Exceptions:
CO2, HCO3, H2CO3

Question 4

Acid (proton donors)

Answer 4

Substance which releases H when dissolved in WATER

Question 5

Bases (proton acceptors)

Answer 5

When dissolved in water, it releases OH

Question 6

Neutral

Answer 6

Equal H and OH

Question 7

Buffer

Answer 7

resist large changes in pH by releasing H ions when pH begins to rise and by binding H ions when pH drops

Question 8

pH scale

Answer 8

Measures concentration of hydrogen ions in solution in moles/ L

Question 9

pH color indicators

Answer 9

Chemicals that change color depending on hydrogen ion concentration of solution

Question 10

pH ( <7 )

Answer 10

H > OH
acidic
ex: HCL
magenta

Question 11

pH (7)

Answer 11

H = OH
neutral
ex: water
red

Question 12

pH ( > 7)

Answer 12

H < OH
base
ex: NaOH
yellow/orange

Question 13

Color changes if Iodine detect polysaccharide:

Answer 13

blue/ black/ purple (ex: glucose)

Question 14

Benedict reagent detect monosaccharide

Answer 14

green/orange/ red positive
if its still blue = after heating = negative

Question 15

Biuret color change for protein

Answer 15

purple

Question 16

Lipid solubility test

Answer 16

Insoluble in polar solvents (water)
Dissolve in organic solvents (alcohol & ether)
Dropping oil to water tube = no dissolving occur

Question 17

cells in testes & ovary that make steroid (lipid)

Answer 17

Smooth ER

Question 18

muscle cell that exhibits high rate of metabolic activity

Answer 18

mitochondria

Question 19

liver cell that detoxifies alcohol

Answer 19

lysosome

Question 20

endocrine cell that synthesizes + secretes protein-based hormone

Answer 20

Golgi body

Question 21

__ of cells are responsible for specific cellular functions

Answer 21

organelles

Question 22

enclose the nucleus

Answer 22

nuclear membrane

Question 23

fluid that surrounds nucleus

Answer 23

cytoplasm

Question 24

separates cell’s internal and external environment

Answer 24

plasma membrane

Question 25

control centre of cell that has DNA

Answer 25

nucleus

Question 26

space to allow larger things to enter/ leave

Answer 26

nuclear pore

Question 27

produce ribosome

Answer 27

nucleolus

Question 28

synthesis of lipids and steroids

Answer 28

smooth er

Question 29

help make and produce protein

Answer 29

rough er

Question 30

receives protein from er, packages them and distribute

Answer 30

golgi bodies

Question 31

makes atp (energy)

Answer 31

mitochondria

Question 32

protein synthesis

Answer 32

ribosome

Question 33

break down food/ worn out cells

Answer 33

lysosome

Question 34

maintain equal distribution of chromosomes

Answer 34

centrosome

Question 35

organizing microtubules that serve as the cell's skeletal system

Answer 35

centriole

Question 36

captures sunlight and uses it to produce food in plant cells

Answer 36

chloroplast

Question 37

tiny strands inside nucleus that contain instructions for directing cells functions

Answer 37

chromatin