Lab 4 & 5 - Gastrulation and Neurulation

Question 1

what appearance characterizes the onset of gastrlation

Answer 1

crescentic slit / dimple

Question 2

opening or dimple during onset of gastrlation

Answer 2

blastopore

Question 3

movement of cells during gastrlation

Answer 3

invagination

Question 4

presumptive mesoderm cells at the marginal zone or ventral limit of the animal hemisphere involute

Answer 4

middle gastrula

Question 5

cavity during gastrlation

Answer 5

gastrocoel

Question 6

an elongated embryo with large gastrocel and three-layered germ cells

Answer 6

late gastrula

Question 7

• hemisphere cavity of the early embryo
• becomes smaller as obliterated by the advancing gastrocoel

Answer 7

blastocoel

Question 8

• opening of the embryo into which the migrating cells entered
• starts as a slit-like opening which enlarges and forma complete circle

Answer 8

blastopore

Question 9

• shallow transverse openig on the dorsal surface of the embryo
• widens laterally into a crescent concave toward the vegetal pole

Answer 9

dorsal lip of the blastopore

Question 10

other term for dorsal lip of blastopore

Answer 10

primary organizer

Question 11

slit-like opening opposite the dorsal lip of the blastopore and located on the vegetal hemisphere

Answer 11

ventral lip of the blastopore

Question 12

• concave region of the blastopore beneath the dorsal and ventral lips
• visible only in the late gastrula

Answer 12

lateral lip of the blastopore

Question 13

strip of cells lying on the roof of the gastrocoel

Answer 13

chrodamesoderm

Question 14

chordamesoderm will become what

Answer 14

• future notochord and
• mesoderm

Question 15

color that usually depicts notochord and mesoderm

Answer 15

red color

Question 16

vegetal cells that protrude to the outside and fill the blastopore

Answer 16

yolk plug

Question 17

one or two layers of cells just above the diminishing blastocoel or below the gastrcoel

Answer 17

completion bridge

Question 18

formation of a neural tube, the forerunner of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 18

neurulation

Question 19

process that drives neurulation

Answer 19

induction

Question 20

chordamesoderm stimulates overlying neural ectoderm to differentiate into what

Answer 20

neural plate

Question 21

major phases during neurulation

Answer 21

1. neural plate stage
2. neural fold stage
3. neural tube stage

Question 22

• thickened band of neural ectoderm cells on the mid-dorsal region fo the embryo
• cells are tall, columnar and tightly packed

Answer 22

neural plate

Question 23

columnar cells which is composed of dorsolateral margins of the neural plate that are taller than the middle part of the neural plate

Answer 23

neural folds/ridge

Question 24

• concave or V-shaped depression
• longitudinal depression enclosed by the neural folds

Answer 24

neural groove

Question 25

hollow tube formed by the union of the neural folds in the middorsal line

Answer 25

neural tube

Question 26

cavity enclosed by the neural tube

Answer 26

neurocoel/ neural canal

Question 27

- ephemeral passageway between the cavity of the neural tube and the cavity of teh gut - visible only in whole mount and in midsaggital section of the embryo

Answer 27

neurocentric canal

Question 28

cluster of undiffereniated cells on each side of the neural tube

Answer 28

neural crest

Question 29

small V-shaped opening at the most anterior region of the embryo

Answer 29

anterior neuropore

Question 30

posterior opening

Answer 30

blastopore

Question 31

fate of neural tube

Answer 31

- spinal cord - brain

Question 32

fate of neural crest

Answer 32

- majority of head connective and skeletal structures - nerves - pigment cells

Question 33

fate of somite

Answer 33

- form vertebrae and ribs - dermis of dorsal skin - skeletal muscls of back and body walls and limbs

Question 34

fate of notochord

Answer 34

intervertebral disc

Question 35

fate of archenteron

Answer 35

future digestive gut