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Animal Diversity Lab > Lab 4 - Platyhelminthes > Flashcards

Lab 4 - Platyhelminthes Flashcards

1
Q

What phyla, classes, subclasses, etc, do you need to know for Platyhelminthes?

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes, Classes Tricladida, Trematoda, and Cestoda

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2
Q

What level is the basic body plan of Platyhelminthes organized?

A

both tissue and organ levels

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3
Q

What characteristics are found during the formation of the blastula? (3)

Phylum Platyhelmenthies

A

triploblastic, protostome, and acoelomate

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4
Q

What type of symmetry is found in Platyhelminthes?

A

bilateral

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5
Q

What kind of skeleton/support does Platyhelminthes have?

A

hydrostatic skeleton

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6
Q

What structures are used to help move Platyhelminthes? (4)

A

cilia, glides with muscles, longitudinal and circular muscles, a hydrostatic skeleton

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7
Q

Describe the nervous system for Platyhelminthes. (5)

A
  • ocelli
  • cerebral ganglia
  • ventral nerve cord
  • cephalization
  • auricles
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8
Q

Describe the circulatory system for Platyhelminthes

A

diffusion

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9
Q

Describe the digestive process for Platyhelminthes. (4)

A
  • incomplete gut
  • predators
  • endoparasites
  • ectoparasites
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10
Q

How does Platyhelminthes eliminate waste from their systems? (2)

A

diffusion and protonephridia

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11
Q

Describe the types of reproduction in Platyhelminthes (4)

A
  • sexual and asexual
  • both monoecious and dioecious
  • penis fencing
  • external and internal fertilization
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12
Q

How does Platyhelminthes respire?

A

diffusion

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13
Q

Class Polycladida (4)

A
  • polyclad flatworms
  • almost call marine
  • some are brightly colored and toxic
  • all free living

Platyhelminthes

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14
Q

Class Tricladida (5)

A

free living flatworms (Planaria)
- digestive tract has three branches
- both marine and fresh water
- free living carnivores
- ocelli

Platyhelminthese

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15
Q

Class Monogenea (2)

A
  • ectoparasites of fish
  • single host

Platyhelminthese

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16
Q

auricle

A

chemosensory organ that detects dissolved chemicals

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17
Q

pharynx

A

tubular, muscular extension of the GVC used for ingesting food

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18
Q

acoelomate

A

animals whose central space is filled with tissue, lacking a body cavity

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19
Q

Which feature of Dugesia suggest adaptation to a free-living lifestyle?

A

cephalization and lack of hooks, suckers, or other structures for attaching to a host

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20
Q

What is a reason for the pharynx of Dugesia being centrally located on the body?

A

The central location on the body permits uniform delivery of nutrients to all portions of the body since they don’t have a circulatory system

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21
Q

Why is the GVC in flatworms for extensively branched?

A

Extensive branching increases digestive surface area of the GVC and increases the efficiency of the process, and the delivery of nutrients

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22
Q

Class Trematoda (5)

A
  • flukes
  • endoparasites
  • lack locomotion and sensory adaptations
  • oral sucker for feeding
  • ventral sucker for attachment
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23
Q

Class Cestoda

p

A
  • tapeworms
  • endoparasites
  • scolex (head)
  • rostellum (w/ suckers)
  • strobila (body) with proglottids

Platyhelminthese

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24
Q

What features of trematodes suggest adaptation to a parasitic lifestyle? (4)

A
  • hermaphroditism
  • extensive reproductive organs
  • reduced digestive system
  • ability to self fertilize
25
Q

T/F: One reason for parasitic flatworms have a reduced digestive system is because parasites feed on body fluids that are already digested and thus absorb nutrients directly.

A

true

26
Q

Why are so many resources put towards reproduction in parasitic flatworms? (2)

A

there are lower chances of meeting a mate and offspring generally have extremely low survival rates due to their complex life cycles

27
Q

Why is there an entire reproductive system in each proglottid?

A

repetition of proglottids allows each to reproduce independently and maximize the overall reproductive output of the tapeworm

28
Q

What defensive provisions do flukes possess for protection against the digestive enzymes of their hosts?

A

a cuticle which is resistant to digestive enzymes of its hosts

29
Q

What adaptations have allowed members of Cestoda to be successful endoparasites?

A

eggs are extremely resistant to pH extremes, temperature, and moisture, thus enhancing their ability to survive

30
Q

What phylum and class does this specimen belong?

A

Platyhelminthes and Trematoda

31
Q

What is structure A, and what is its function?

A

Ovary, reproduction

32
Q

What is structure B, and what is its function?

A

oral sucker, for feeding

33
Q

What is structure C, what is its function?

A

yolk glands; ????

34
Q

Which letter corresponds to the epidermis?

A

A

35
Q

Which letter corresponds to the parenchyma?

A

C

36
Q

Which letter corresponds to the gastrodermis?

A

B

37
Q

What is the structure D, and its function?

A

pharynx, feeding

38
Q

What is structure E, and its function?

A

GVC, feeding

39
Q

A true coelom is completely lined with what?

A

mesoderm

40
Q

Which class does this organism belong to?

A

Tricladida

41
Q

Which class does this organism belong to?

A

Tricladida

42
Q

Which class does this organism belong to?

A

Trematoda

43
Q

Which class does this organism belong to?

A

Cestoda

44
Q

Which class does this organism belong to?

A

Polycladida

45
Q

Which class does this organism belong to?

A

Polycladida

46
Q

Which class does this organism belong to?

A

Monogenea

47
Q

Class _____ is free-living, carnivorous, aquatic species?

Platyhelminthese

A

Tricladida

48
Q

Class _____ have and oral and ventral sucker, with the oral used for feeding

A

Trematoda

49
Q

Class _____ have a body consisting of segment-like proglottids

A

Cestoda

50
Q

What is this specimen?

A

sheep and dog tapeworms

51
Q

What is this specimen?

A

Sheep liver fluke

52
Q

What is this specimen?

A

Class Cestoda, tapeworm

53
Q

protostome means…

A

the embryonic blastopore becomes the mouth

54
Q

schizocoelous

A

mesoderm forms internally near the blastopore

55
Q

protostomes show _____ cleavage and _____ develoopment

A

spiral, determinate

56
Q

deuterostome

A

blastopore becomes the anus

57
Q

ocelli

A

specialized eye structures that detect light

58
Q

scolex

A

head structure

59
Q

stroblia

A

body

Animal Diversity Lab (11 decks)

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