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Bio 121 Lab > Lab 5 > Flashcards

Lab 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Two major groups of seed plants

A

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

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2
Q

Gymnosperm

A

Produce naked seed (Just straight up seeds)

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3
Q

Angiosperm

A

Produce enclosed seeds
Like the one in fruits. Example: Mid apple

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4
Q

What are angiosperms also known as

A

Flowering plants

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5
Q

What kind of plants are seed plants

A

Vascular so they go through an alternation of generation life cycle with sporophyte as a dominant stage

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6
Q

Two crucial reproductive adaptations of seed plants in terrestrial life

A

pollen
seeds

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7
Q

What do pollen and seeds help with in terms of adaptaation in terrestrial enviroments

A

enable them to exploit dry, terrestrial enviroments

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8
Q

pollen

A

A thick walled desication resistant male gametophyte of seed plants

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9
Q

What kind of gametophyte us pollen

A

Male

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10
Q

Function of pollen

A

Pollen acts as a vehicle for the trasnport of male gametes (sperm) to the location of female gametes

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11
Q

One difference between seed and seedless plants

A

Seed plants are freed from dependence on external water for fertilization. So seed plants do not require water from fertilization

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12
Q

Pollination

A

The process of tranferring pollen (which has sperm in it) to the female location with help of wind, insects, or other animals

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13
Q

Pollination and Fertilization

A

Two very different proesses
Pollination occurs before fertilization

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14
Q

What is the term seed referred to as

A

Ripned Ovule

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15
Q

What is an ovule

A

An ovule is a highly reduced structure that contains a female gametophyte enclosed within a sporangium that is surrounded by integuments

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16
Q

What is the sporangium surrounded by in seed plants

A

Integuments (Modified leaves)

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17
Q

Where is the egg produced

A

In the female gametophyte and is the location of fertilization

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18
Q

What is the product of fertilization

A

Diploid zygote which develops into a diploid embryo

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19
Q

At maturity all seeds have

A
  1. A diploid sporophyte embryo
  2. food supply (comes from the ovule)
  3. A protective seed coat
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20
Q

Picea

A

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Coniferophyta

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21
Q

Is picea aurotrophic or heterotrophic

A

autotrophic

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22
Q

Is picea uni or multicellular

A

Multicellular

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23
Q

Is picea vascular

A

yes

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24
Q

What is the dominant stage in piceas reproduction

A

Sporophyte dominant generation

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25
Habitat of Picea
Boreal forests in SK
26
Does picea move
No
27
Reproduction of Picea
Pollination formed in pollen cones (males) then transfers pollen grains to ovule cones (females) using wind. A diploid zygote will form through fertilization, resulting in embryo protected + nourished all in seed. Winged seeds released from ovule cone and into wind when mature. Seed will germinate and form sporophyte plant only when enviromental conditions favourable
28
Purpose of tracheid in Picea
Vascular cells within xylem cells that transport water throughout. It also has a form bulk of woody portion, with supporting stem (trunk) of tree
29
What are needle like leaves covered by
Cuticle
30
What are needle like leaves and cuticle for
Plays a role in adaptation in prevent water loss in a dry terrestrial enviroment.
31
Each sporophyll of picea contains
Two elongated yellow sacs called microsporangia
32
Where is pollen produced
Microporangia (2) on the sporophyll
33
What is the ovule cone composed of
Flattened leaf like structures called ovuliferous scales
34
What consists in the ovuliferous scales
2 small whitish ovules
35
What do the ovules produce
the 2 ovules Each one produces a female gametophyte within an enclosed sporangium
36
Friends of Picea
Ginko, Juniper
37
Is picea gymnosperm or angiosperm
Gymnosperm
37
What are anthophyta
Angiosperms
37
4 leaves of flowers
sepals, petals, stamens and carpels
38
Sepals
Body of the flower. Typically Green. Enclose and protect the other flower parts (Stamens, Petals and carpels)
39
Petals
Typically the brightly coloured parts of the flower and serve to attract and guide the movements of insects and other pollinatord
40
Stamens
Male organs of the flower
41
Where are stamens Located
Arranged just to the inside of the petals
42
What is the stamen composed of
Each Stamen is composed of a slender filament with a pollen producing organ called an anther
43
Anther
Pollen producing organ at the tip of the stamen
44
What is each anther made of
4 microsporangia
45
What do microsporangia produce in flower
Pollen grains
46
What are pollen grains
Male gametophytes
47
What do pollen grains produce
Non motile sperm
48
Carpel
Female organ and is located at the centre of the flower
49
Several Carpels fuse together to form
Pistil
50
3 parts of carpel
A tip called a stigma Thin stalk called the style Swollen base called the ovary
51
What does the ovary contain
Ovules
52
Each ovule contains
Female gametophyte which produces egg
53
Lilium
Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Anthophyta
54
What does the anther contain
4 pollen sacs (microsporangia) where the pollen is produced
55
Oil in Lilium
Large pollen is too heavy to be dispersed The oil allows the pollen to stick to its pollinators
56
Three interns, chambers of ovary
Locules
57
Each ovule has
A very short wide stalk called a funiculus, which attaches the ovule to a central tissue called the placenta
58
Friends of Lilium
Wheat, Sunflower
59
Fruits are the
Ripned or mature ovaries of flowers
60
How do gymnosperms and angiosperms reproduce
Alternation of generations
61
Male reproduction
Pollen sac (Microsporangium) - meiosis - microspore - pollen grain = male gametophyte - produces and transports sperm
62
Female reproduction
Megasporangium in ovule - meiosis - megaspore - embryo sac= female gametophyte in ovule - produces egg
63
male microsporangium
Pollen sac
64
Male gametophyte
Pollen grain
65
Female megasporamgium
Ovule
66
Female gametophyte
embryo sac
67

Bio 121 Lab (6 decks)

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