lab 7

Question 1

color change is an example of

Answer 1

neuroendocrine control system

Question 2

what do you call a specialized integument cell

Answer 2

chromatophores

Question 3

function of chromatophores

Answer 3

mediate the neuroendocrine function of physiological color change

Question 4

function of melanophores

Answer 4

pigments in specialized chromatophores that allow for color change due to aggregation or dispersion

Question 5

where can we find melanophores

Answer 5

below an animals epidermis

Question 6

T/F melanosomes are also called pigment granules

Answer 6

T

Question 7

Define melanophores

Answer 7

specialized type of chromatophore that contains the black pigment melanin.

Question 8

where are melanosomes redistributed

Answer 8

cytoskeletal elements of the cytosol

Question 9

what structure releases pigment dispersing hormone (PDH) in crustaceans

Answer 9

endocrine eyestalk

Question 10

function of PDH

Answer 10

controls pigment dispersal

Question 11

what structure releases melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) in vertebrates

Answer 11

pituitary gland

Question 12

function of MSH

Answer 12

to disperse pigment

Question 13

in vertebrate what else other than hormones can control melanosome dispersion

Answer 13

NT NE

Question 14

define melanosomes

Answer 14

organelles containing the pigments that move throughout the cytoplasm of melanophore during color change

Question 15

what activity breaks down cAMP to AMP and leads to pigment aggregation

Answer 15

phosphodiesterase

Question 16

T/F you do not need to rinse off forceps before and after using a solution

Answer 16

F

Question 17

what are the two types of adrenergic receptors

Answer 17

alpha and beta

Question 18

what kind of G-protein are a2-adrenergic receptors associated with and what happens to cAMP?

Answer 18

Gi proteins that decrease cAMP

pigment aggregation

Question 19

what kind of G-protein is associated with B adrenergic receptors and what happens to cAMP?

Answer 19

Gs protein that increase cAMP levels

pigment dispersal

Question 20

classify phenylephrine in terms of receptors

Answer 20

a2-adrenergic agonist

Question 21

classify yohimbine in terms of receptors

Answer 21

a-2 adrenergic antagonist

Question 22

classify isoproterenol in terms of receptors

Answer 22

B adrenergic agonist

Question 23

classify propranolol in terms of receptors

Answer 23

B adrenergic antagonist

Question 24

MDI stands for

Answer 24

melanophore dispersion index

Question 25

MSH activates

Answer 25

pigment dispersal

Question 26

NE activates

Answer 26

pigment aggregation

Question 27

IDMX inhibits

Answer 27

phosphodiesterase

Question 28

what tool is used to show cAMP is a 2nd messenger?

Answer 28

IBMX

Question 29

Gs ____ cAMP and promotes _____

Answer 29

increases
dispersal

Question 30

Gi ____ cAMP and promotes _____

Answer 30

decreases
aggregation