Lab 8

Question 1

sugars are abosrobed by what kind of cells?

Answer 1

epithelial cells

Question 2

sugars are absorbed by epithelias cells of what two structure the GI tract

Answer 2

dudenum
upper jejunum

Question 3

what kind of tranpsort do epithelial cells use to uptake these sugars

Answer 3

active transport

Question 4

the magnitude of changes in blood glucose following a meal depnds on

Answer 4

the nature and amount of carbs and how the species responds to that rise in blood glucose

Question 5

serum glucose ni mammals generally ranges from

Answer 5

50 to 120 mg/dL

Question 6

the basal rate of glucose turnover in an adult human is about

Answer 6

2 mg/kg/min

Question 7

2 mg/kg/min is =

Answer 7

9 g/hr

Question 8

an adult basal metabolism per day is

Answer 8

225 g/day

Question 9

during a fasting state an individual depends totally on

Answer 9

endogenous substrates for energy

Question 10

Glycogen

Answer 10

sotre glucos

Question 11

what in the liver provides essential fuel for criticical physiological systems

Answer 11

glycogen

Question 12

glycogenolysis

Answer 12

breakdown of glycogen to form glucose

Question 13

T/F after 12 hours of fasting hepatic glycogen stores are almost depleted

Answer 13

T

Question 14

gluconeogenesis

Answer 14

generaton of glucose from non-sugar carbon substrates

Question 15

insulin

Answer 15

regulators of blood glucose

Question 16

what produces insulin

Answer 16

beta islet cells of pancrea

Question 17

what cells produce glucagon

Answer 17

alpha islet cells of pancreas

Question 18

when blood levels are low pancreas release

Answer 18

glucagon

Question 19

when blood levels are high pancreas release

Answer 19

insulin

Question 20

hyperglycemia

Answer 20

high glucose levels

Question 21

hypoglycemia

Answer 21

low glucose levels

Question 22

define insulin resistance

Answer 22

lack of responsiveness to levels of insulin

Question 23

define type 1 diabetes

Answer 23

no insulin produced by beta islet cells

Question 24

define diabetes type 2

Answer 24

malfunctioning insulin (no glucose sensing or insulin resistance)

Question 25

function of glucose tolerance tests

Answer 25

measure the ability of an animal to clear glucose from the blood stream

Question 26

function of glucometer

Answer 26

measure level of glucose in blood

Question 27

glucose oxidase

Answer 27

an enzyme that reacts with any glucose to create gluconic acid

Question 28

how is ferrocyanide made

Answer 28

gluconic acid reacts with iron chemical on strip

Question 29

the electronic current in the device detects

Answer 29

ferrocyanide

Question 30

Blood Glucose Homeostasis Involves 2 pancreatic hormones, what are they

Answer 30

glucagon and insulin

Question 31

low blood glucose in the liver , glucagon induces

Answer 31

glycogenolysis

Question 32

high blood glucose in the liver , what does insulin do

Answer 32

increase glucose levels
suppresses glycogenolysis

Question 33

high blood glucose levels in the muscle, insulin induces

Answer 33

glycogen
synthesis

Question 34

high blood glucose levels in kidney insulin…

Answer 34

increase glucose absorption

Question 35

T/F after a sugar- based meal both insulin and glucose increase

Answer 35

T