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NEURO FINAL > lab 8: visual , auditory and vestibualr systems > Flashcards

lab 8: visual , auditory and vestibualr systems Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function and innervation of the superior rectus

A

elevate the eyes , causes cornea to move superiorly
CN3

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2
Q

what is the function and innervation for the inferior rectus

A

depresses the eyes , causes the cornea and the pupil to move inferiorly
CN 3

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3
Q

what is the function and innervation of the medial rectus

A

adduction of the eye
CN 3

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4
Q

what is the function and innervation of the laterla rectus

A

moves eye laterally and CN 6

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5
Q

what is the function and innervation of the superior oblique

A

rotates the eyes downward and away from midline
CN 4

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6
Q

what is the function of the inferior oblique

A

elevation , abduction and extorsion of the eye

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7
Q

what would happen if CN 3, 4 , and 6 has lesion

A

paralysis of the eye

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8
Q

where is the optic nerve

A

from eyeball to optic chiasm

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9
Q

where is the optic tract

A

after chiasm to nucleus

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10
Q

what is the function of the optic chiasm

A

allows the visual cortex to receive the same hemispheric visual field from both eyes

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11
Q

what is the function of the hypothalamus related to vision

A

controls sympathetic nervous system ( pupil dilation) and parasympathetic nervous system (pupil constriction)

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12
Q

what is the function of the thalamus related to vision

A

the lateral geniculate nucleus plays an essential role in normal visual processing

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13
Q

what is the function of the superior colliculus

A

integrates visual , auditory and somatosensory information to initiate orienting movements of eyes and head toward objects

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14
Q

what is the function of the pretectum

A

controls pupillary light reflex

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15
Q

what is the function for the primary visual cortex

A

receives visual information from retinas

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16
Q

what is the function of the calcarine fissure

A

divides the upper and lower visual fields

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17
Q

what is the function of the cuneus (upper bank)

A

receives visual info from the lower eyes fields

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18
Q

what is the function of the lingual

A

receives information from the superior eye fields

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19
Q

what is the function of the parieto-occipital sulcus

A

provides a landmark for defining the location of the primary visual cortex

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20
Q

what’s is the function of the CN 3

A

movement of eyeball
pupillary contraction and accommodation

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21
Q

what is the function of CN 4

A

rotates the eyes downward and way from midline

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22
Q

what is the function of CN 6

A

moves the eye laterally

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23
Q

what is the function of the frontal eye field of cortex

A

control visual attention and eye movements
elicits saccadic eye movemtsn

24
Q

how does vision get received from the eye and travel to the cortex

A

retina > optic nerve > optic chiasm> optic tract> lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus > optic radiations > visual cortex

25
Q

what would a lesion to the optic nerve causes

A

blindness in ipsilateral eye

26
Q

what would a lesion to the optic tract causes

A

homonymous hemianopsia

27
Q

what would a lesion to the optic chiasm causes

A

bitemporal hemianopsia

28
Q

what would a lesion to the meyers loop causes

A

a contralateral homonymous superior quadrantanopia

29
Q

what would a lesion to the visual cortex cause

A

homonymous hemianopsia and scotomas with bilateral lesions causing cortical blindness

30
Q

describe homonymous hemianospia and how it will impact treatments

A

same halves of the visual field from each eye is lost, you will need to make sure the patient turns their head and body to compensate for the loss of vison

31
Q

describe neglect and how it will impact treatments

A

unawareness or unresponsiveness to objects , people and other stimuli. patient will have to turn their head and body a lot to see the affected side

32
Q

what is the function of CN 8

A

hearing and balance

33
Q

what is the function of the superior olive

A

sound localization

34
Q

what is the function of the nucleus of the lateral lemniscus

A

carries information about sound from the choclear nucleus to brainstem and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain

35
Q

what is the funciotn of the reticular formation for the auditory system

A

effect of sound on CNS

36
Q

what is the function of the inferior colliculus for the auditory system

A

serves as the main brainstem nuclei for auditory function

37
Q

what is the function of the medial geniculate body of the thalamus

A

directs auditory attention

38
Q

what is the function of the primary auditory cortex and how is it organized

A

organized tonotopically, supporting basic auditory functions

39
Q

what is the function of the secondary auditory cortex

A

compares sounds with memories of sounds to categorize them

40
Q

what is the function of the internal acoustic meatus

A

allows the passes of CN 7 , 8 and labyrinthine artery

41
Q

describe how sounds get receives from the ear and travels to the cortex

A

sound waves come into the ear and vibrate the fluid in the cochlea which stimulates hair cells , the hair cells depolarize and send signals to the cochlear nucleus > superior olive > infeiro colliculus > medial geniculate > primary auditory cortex

42
Q

what is the function of the anterior semicircular canal with ampullae

A

detects forward and back head movements

43
Q

what is the function of the posterior semicircular canal

A

detects head tilt like tipping the head toward the shoulders

44
Q

what is the function of the horizontal semicircular canal

A

detects horizontal movements of the head , like swiveling side to side

45
Q

what is the function of the utricle

A

orientation and static balance , horizontal tilt

46
Q

what is the function of the saccule

A

orientation and balance , vertical tilt

47
Q

what is the function of the CN 8 in the vestibular system

A

provides info about one’s body in space and time

48
Q

what is the function of the medial longitudinal fasciculus in the vestibular system

A

integrates movements of the eyes and heads to keep balance

49
Q

what is the function of the vestibulocerebellum

A

controls balance and eye movements

50
Q

what is the function of the medial vestibulospinal tract

A

performs synchronization of the movements of the eyes with the movements of the head

51
Q

what is the function of the lateral vestibulospinal tract

A

coordinates orientation of the head and body in space

52
Q

what is teh function of the reticulospinal tract in the vestibular system

A

controls posture to help orient head

53
Q

what is the function of the vestibular cortex

A

interacts with visual cortex to mediate self perception and balance

54
Q

what is the function of the parietoinsular vestibular cortex

A

core region of vestibular input into the cortical region , integrates and processes sensory inputs

55
Q

what is the function of CN 11 in the vestibular system

A

helps move the head to keep it oriented

56
Q

describe how information gets received from the vestibular apparatus and travels to the cortex . differentiate between peripheral and central systems

A

the peripheral vestibular systems goes all the way from the labyrinth to the connections of the peripheral nerve into the vestibular nuclei

the central vestibular systems includes the central vestibular nuclei in the brain stem , the vestibular cerebellar connection , the vestibular ocular pathways and the vestibular spinal pathways

NEURO FINAL (10 decks)

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