Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

102 > Lab > Flashcards

Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Meninges

A

protective coverings that enclose the brain and spinal cord

Dura Mater (outer layer)

Arachnoid (middle layer)

Pia Mater (inner layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gyri

A

bumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sulcus

A

grooves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

space between arachnoid and pia mater (middle and inner layer of meninges)

where the blood vessels are located

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Brain Stem

(structures)

A

Medulla

Pons

Midbrain (mesencephalon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Brain Stem

(functions)

A

breathing

swallowing

heart rate

blood pressure

wakefulness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pituitary Gland

(structure)

A

the root: Infundibulum (aka Infundibular stalk)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pituitary Gland

(functions)

A

part of the endocrine system

produces hormones –> controls metabolism, growth, sexual function, sleep, mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Olfactory Bulbs

(function)

A

sense of smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mammilary bodies

A

part of the limbic system and play a role in memory recollection/retrieval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cerebrum

A

(subdivided into lobes with specialised functions) but as a whole it is responsible for controlling voluntary actions, emotions, hearing, vision, personality… etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cerebellum

A

motor control and cognitive functions such as attention, language, and emotional responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Longitudinal Fissure

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pineal Gland

A

part of the endocrine system and produces melatonin –> helps maintain circadian rhythm and regulates reproductive hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Inferior and Superior Colliculi

A

form the tectum which is part of the midbrain

involved in vision and hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

large band of myelinated axon fibers that cross form one side of the brain to the other, joining the two hemispheres of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Caudate nucleus

A

deep brain structure that is part of the basal ganglia

plays a role in motor functions, learning and reward systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Putamen

A

deep brain structure that is part of the basal ganglia

plays a role in regulating various stages of movement (preparation, execution, etc) and also influences various types of learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Optic Chiasm

A

X-shaped structure formed at the point below the brain where the two optic nervews cross over each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lateral Ventricles

A

2 largest cavities of the bentricular system, contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

each cerebral hemisphere contains one lateral ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Globus Pallidus

A

deep brain structure part of the basal ganglia

regulation of voluntary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Internal Capsule

A

large white matter structure that contains both ascending and descending axons, to/from cerebral cortex and through the thalamus

23
Q

Optic Tracts

A

part of the visual system

the posterior continuation of the optic nerves after the medial (temporal lobe) fibers decussate at the optic chiasm

24
Q

Thalamus

A

deep brain structure, part of the diencephalon

sensory and motor signal relay to/from cortex

regulationso of consciousness and sleep

25
Hypothalamus
together with the pituitary gland, they control other glands that produce hormonse in the body regulates body temp, thirst, sleep/wake cycle, hunger, sexual behaviors, heart rate, blood pressure
26
Hippocampus
spatial memory and navigation
27
Third Ventricle
carries CSF located directly in the midline diencephalon directly between the left and right thalamus interthalamic adhesion runs through, connects the two thalami from either side
28
Cerebral Aqueduct
part of the ventricular system located within the mesencephalon connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle
29
Insular Cortex | (functions)
sensory processing feelings and emotions motor control risk prediction decision-making bodily self-awareness complex social functions like empathy
30
Common Carotid | (leads to)
external carotid internal carotid \>middle cerebral artery \>anterior cerebral artery \>posterior cerebral artery
31
Vertebral Artery | (leads to)
basilar artery superior cerebellar artery pontine arteries anterior inferior cerebellar artery posterior inferior cerebellar artery
32
Circle of Willis | (composed of which arteries)
Anterior cerebral arteries Anterior communicating artery Internal carotid arteries Posterior cerebral arteries Posterior communicating arteries
33
Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)
provides blood to the medial part of the frontal lobes and anterior parietal lobes
34
Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
supplies lateral portion of the frontal lobes, temporal lobes and parietal lobes
35
Anterior choroidal artery
supplies blood to portions of the anterior medial temporal lobe, the optic tract and portions of the thalamus and the internal capsule
36
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery (PICA)
supplies the posterior inferior portion of the cerebellum
37
Anterior Inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
arises from the middle of the basilar artery and supplies the anterior inferior portion of the cerebellum
38
Basilar Artery
becomes 2 paired vessels: superior cerebellar artery posterior cerebral artery
39
Superior Cerebellar artery
supplies superior portion of the cerebellum
40
Posterior Cerebral Artery
supplies the occipital lobe, thalamus, and medial portion of the temporal lobe
41
Blood Brain Barrier
cellular barrier that protects the brain and spinal cord from harmful substances from entering the CNS via the vasculature
42
Blood Brain Barrier | (components)
endothelial cells - capillary wall astrocyte end-feet - sheaths the capillary pericytes - embedded in capillary basement membrane tight junctions - allows passage of water, gas, lipid-soluble molecules
43
Ventricular System | (function)
Protection - acts as cushion for brain Buoyancy - net weight of brain is reduced when immersed in CSF Chemical stability
44
Choroid Plexus
network of ventricles that produce CSF
45
CSF Flow
Lateral Ventricle --\> Foramen of Monro --\> 3rd Ventricle --\> Cerebral Aqueduct --\> 4th Ventricle --\> foramen of magendie and forament of luschka
46
Dural Reflections
Falx Cerebri Tentorium cerebelli Diaphram sellae Tenrtorial notch Falx Cerebelli
47
Dural Sinuses
Superior Sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Straight sinus Transverse sinus Confluence of the sinuses Occipial sinus Sigmoid Sinus
48
Basal Ganglia | (function)
Movement reward/motivation
49
Thalamus | (Function)
relaying of sensory signals to the cortex regulation of sleep and alertness
50
Hippocampus
Memory Consolidation Spatial navigation
51
Pituitary Gland | (function)
hormone producing gland controls growth, blood pressure, energy metabolism, sex organs, thyroid glands
52
Pineal Gland | (function)
produces the hormone melatonin modulates circadian and seasonal sleep cycles
53
Major basal ganglia structures
1. Striatum: caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, putamen 2. Globus Pallidus: lateral, medial
54
Lentiform nucleus
putamen + globus pallidus

102 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions