Lab Exam #1 (labs 1-5)

Question 1

What is an INDEPENDENT variable?

Answer 1

The variable that is being manipulated.

Question 2

What is a DEPENDENT variable?

Answer 2

What you expect to change in an experiment.

Question 3

What is a CONTROLLED variable?

Answer 3

Any variable the needs to remain constant (the same) during the experiment.

Question 4

Qualitative data

Answer 4

Qualities observed (e.g. colours, smells, sounds)

Question 5

Quantitative data

Answer 5

Quantities observed (e.g. numbers, calculations)

Question 6

Convert the following
1km=____m
1m=_____cm
1m=_____mm
1mm=____um

Answer 6

1000m
100cm
1000mm
1000um

Question 7

Convert the following
1kg=____g
1g=_____mg
1mg=____ug

Answer 7

1000g
1000mg
1000ug

Question 8

Convert the following
1L=____mL
1mL=____uL

Answer 8

1000mL
1000uL

Question 9

What is a HYPOTHESIS?

Answer 9

A theoretical explanation that can be tested for its validity.

Question 10

Which way do the X and Y axis go?

Answer 10

X=horizontally (independent v)
Y=vertically (dependent v)

Question 11

What is the term used when you attempt to explain the results of an experiment?

Answer 11

Discussion

Question 12

What is it called when the variables are being measured over time and the data points are connected by a line?

Answer 12

Linear trends

Question 13

What atoms are found in water molecules?

Answer 13

2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Question 14

What bonds are found IN water molecules?

Answer 14

Polar covalent bonds

Question 15

What bonds are found BETWEEN water molecules?

Answer 15

Hydrogen bonds

Question 16

What ions can water molecules dissociate into?

Answer 16

Positively charged H ions and negatively charged OH ions

+H=Hydrogen
-OH=Hydroxide

Question 17

Difference between HEAT and TEMP

Answer 17

Heat= total Kinetic energy
Temp= average Kinetic energy

Question 18

2 examples of waters resistance to temperature changes that are useful for life on earth

Answer 18

1) Humans sweating to lower internal body temp

2)The ocean absorbing heat along coastlines to maintain certain wildlife

Question 19

What is density?

Answer 19

The mass divided by volume

Question 20

What is mass?

Answer 20

The density multiplied by volume

Question 21

What is volume?

Answer 21

The mass divided by density

Question 22

What is surface tension?

Answer 22

The property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force, due to the cohesive nature of its molecules and connection of hydrogen bonds.

Question 23

What is an AMPHIPATHIC substance?

Answer 23

A substance that has both polar and nonpolar portions (e.g. soaps)

Question 24

What is ADHESION in terms of water?

Answer 24

If something is polar the water will be attracted and want to adhere (stick) to it. (e.g. water sticking to a glass or climbing up a root of a plant)

STICKS TO OTHER THINGS

Question 25

What is COHESION in terms of water?

Answer 25

Cohesion means that water wants to stick to itself. (e.g. water droplet on a counter) STICKS TO ITSELF

Question 26

What does water SOLUBLE mean?

Answer 26

able to dissolve in water

Question 27

What is CAPILLARY ACTION?

Answer 27

The movement of water within the spaces of an object due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion and surface tension. (e.g. water moving up a straw or glass tube or water moving through a paper towel or cloth or plant or tears moving through tear ducts)

Question 28

Ratio of ions for something that is Acidic

Answer 28

Higher amount of Hydrogen+ ions (1-6.9 pH)

Question 29

Ration of ions for something that is Basic

Answer 29

Higher amount of Hydroxide- ions (7.1-14 pH)

Question 30

pH of Tomato juice?

Answer 30

4. acidic

Question 31

pH of 7-up?

Answer 31

3.5 acidic

Question 32

pH of baking soda?

Answer 32

8-9. Basic

Question 33

pH of oven cleaner?

Answer 33

10.5. Basic

Question 34

pH of lemon juice?

Answer 34

2.5. Acidic

Question 35

pH of hand soap?

Answer 35

6. Acidic

Question 36

What colour happens when you test something that is Basic?

Answer 36

The darker the green the more basic

Question 37

What colour happens when you test something that is Acidic?

Answer 37

The brighter pink the more acidic

Question 38

What is the field magnification (mm/um) of the low objective lens?

Answer 38

4.5mm or 4500um

Question 39

What is the field magnification (mm/um) of the middle objective lens?

Answer 39

1.8mm or 1800um

Question 40

What is the field magnification (mm/um) of the high objective lens?

Answer 40

0.45mm or 450um

Question 41

What was the single-celled eukaryotic organism we look at in lab?

Answer 41

Paramecium caudatum

Question 42

Tell me some things about the paramecium?

Answer 42

Single cell eukaryote (300um) double nuclei thin lining of cilia around plasma membrane

Question 43

Other features you might see on a paramecium?

Answer 43

water vacuole, oral groove

Question 44

Name that cell that looks like a fried egg

Answer 44

Squamous epithelial cell

Question 45

WTF is SLOWCO?

Answer 45

S stage clips flush to side of stage L lower stage fully O objective lens down X4 W wipe lenses C Cord wrapped around base O ocular lenses face back cabinet

Question 46

What was the independent variable of the potato core lab?

Answer 46

The concentration of salt NaCl

Question 47

What was the dependent variable of the potato core lab?

Answer 47

The potato cores mass

Question 48

What are some controlled variables of the potato core lab?

Answer 48

Size of the cores same type potato same temp same time allotted

Question 49

Which concentrations were Hypotonic to the potato cells?

Answer 49

0% 0.25% 0.5%

Question 50

Which concentrations were Hypertonic to the potato cells?

Answer 50

0.75% 1% 2%

Question 51

Which concentration was closest to isotonic to the potato cells?

Answer 51

0.75%

Question 52

What is Cytoplasmic Streaming?

Answer 52

(The chloroplasts in a plant cell moving in a cycle within the cell) when the central vacuole swells with water it forces the chloroplast to move around the inner edges of the cell

Question 53

What is osmosis?

Answer 53

The movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules through the cells partially permeable membrane

Question 54

What is the structure and function of an enzyme?

Answer 54

Structure: An enzyme is a protein comprised of amino acids linked together in peptide chains. The have an ACTIVE SITE where the SUBSTRATE attaches to. Function: to help speed up the chemical reaction. Enzymes lower the ACTIVATION ENERGY required to turn reactants into products. Lab CC

Question 55

What is this equation in words: H2O2(liq) + dH2O(liq) --> O2?

Answer 55

Hydrogen peroxide + Distilled water + Catalas --> Water + oxygen gas

Question 56

What organic macromolecules make up enzymes?

Answer 56

Proteins (amino acids with peptide bonds)

Question 57

What factors could effect an enzymes activity?

Answer 57

Temperature, pH Inhibitors

Question 58

What was the independent variable of the enzyme experiment?

Answer 58

pH level

Question 59

what does "c" mean in terms of converting

Answer 59

-2

Question 60

what does "K" mean in terms of converting

Answer 60

3

Question 61

what does "m" mean in terms of converting

Answer 61

-3

Question 62

what does "u" mean in terms of converting

Answer 62

-6

Question 63

which way do you move the decimal if its and negative

Answer 63

to the right

Question 64

which was do you move the decimal if its positive

Answer 64

to the left

Question 65

which was does (+) go vs (-) for decimal movement

Answer 65

+ ------> <------- -

Question 66

what is the ALLOSTERIC site

Answer 66

where the noncompetitive inhibitors attach to the enzyme