Lab Guide 79-88

Question 1

What are the borders of the submandibular (suprahyoid) region?

Answer 1

anterior and posterior digastric bellies and the inferior border for the mandible

Question 2

What forms the roof of the submandibular region?

Answer 2

superficial layer of the cervical fascia and platysma muscle

Question 3

What are the main contents of the submandibular region?

Answer 3

• submandibular gland, duct, and ganglion
• lingual and hypoglossal nerves
• facial artery and vein
• lymph nodes

Question 4

The submandibular gland is superficial to which muscle?

Answer 4

the mylohyoid muscles

Question 5

What vein is directly superficial to the submandibular gland?

Answer 5

the facial vein

NOTE: the facial artery is directly deep to the gland

Question 6

What does the submental artery branch from?

Answer 6

the facial artery

Question 7

The mylohyoid nerve is a branch of which nerve?

Answer 7

the inferior alveolar nerve (branch of V3)

Question 8

What does the mylohyoid nerve innervate?

Answer 8

the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior digastric belly

Question 9

What is the posterior digastric belly innervated by?

Answer 9

the facial nerve

Question 10

What is the stylohyoid muscle innervated by?

Answer 10

branches of the facial nerve

Question 11

What is the origin of the mylohyoid m.?

Answer 11

the mylohyoid line of the mandible

Question 12

T or F. The mylohyoid mm. have free inferior borders

Answer 12

T

Question 13

What does the geniohyoid do?

Answer 13

draws the mandible and hyoid toward each other

Question 14

What two muscles does the deep part of the submandibular gland sit between?

Answer 14

the mylohyoid and hyoglossus (thus, the duct is superficial to hyoglossus)

Question 15

What muscles does the submandibular duct course superficial to during its course to the sublingual caruncle?

Answer 15

the hyoglossus and genioglossus m.

Question 16

What does the lingual nerve convey?

Answer 16

general somatic sensory to the mucosa of the mouth and the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, taste fibers from the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue and parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands

Courses from lateral, inferior, to medial to the submandibular duct

Question 17

The submandibular ganglion is suspended inferiorly from which nerve?

Answer 17

the lingual n.

Question 18

Does the lingual artery course deep or superficial to the hyoglossus?

Answer 18

deep

Question 19

All of the muscles of facial expression are derived from which branchial arch?

Answer 19

2nd (all innervated by the facial nerve)

Question 20

What muscle does the facial a. and v. ascend up the lateral face upon?

Answer 20

the buccinator (the buccinator has vertical fibers)

Question 21

Which four muscles do the facial a. and v. run deep to in the face?

Answer 21

the levator labii superioris, the zygmoaticus minor and major, and the risorius

Question 22

What does the facial a. terminate as near the medial aspect of the orbit?

Answer 22

the angular a.

Question 23

Between what two muscles does the superior labial a. branch from the facial a.?

Answer 23

the minor and major zygomaticus m. (the facial a. also gives off the nasal a. near the top of the nose and it descends down the outside on the brim)

Question 24

Does the facial v. lie lateral or medial to the facial a.?

Answer 24

lateral

Question 25

The supraorbital n. can be found deep to which muscle?

Answer 25

frontalis muscle

Question 26

The infraorbital n. can be found deep to which muscle?

Answer 26

levator labii superioris

Question 27

The mental n. can be found deep to which muscle?

Answer 27

depressor labii inferioris

Question 28

The facial a. and v. continue as what?

Answer 28

angular a. and v

Question 29

The facial v. communicates with what venous systems?

Answer 29

the pterygoid plexus and the transverse facial v. However, it empties into the common facial v. which dumps into the IJV

Question 30

The infraorbital n. becomes subcutaneous deep to which muscle?

Answer 30

the levator labii superioris

Question 31

The mental n. becomes subcutaneous deep to which muscle?

Answer 31

the depressor labii inferioris

Question 32

The buccinator can be thought of an extension of what posterior muscle from the pteryomandibular raphe?

Answer 32

the superior contrictor

Question 33

The isthmus of the parotid gland is wedge between what structures?

Answer 33

posterior digastric belly and stylohyoid posteriorly and the ramus of the mandible, and its attached medial pterygoid and masseter anteriorly

Question 34

The masseter m. spans which bones?

Answer 34

the lateral surface of the angle of the mandible and the zygomatic arch of the temporal bone spans the SCM to masseter

Question 35

The parotid duct enter the vestibule where?

Answer 35

opposite the upper 2nd molar tooth by piercing buccinator

Question 36

What branch of the facial n. runs with the parotid duct?

Answer 36

buccal nerve

Question 37

Behind the substance of the parotid gland, what are the three structures from superficial to deep?

Answer 37

facial n., retromandibular v., and external carotid with superficial temporal a., maxillary, and posterior auricular branches

Question 38

The retromandibular v. forms from what?

Answer 38

the maxillary and superficial temporal v. just deep to the superior part of the parotid gland

Question 39

Where can the superficial temporal a. be found in relation to the zygomatic arch?

Answer 39

just posterior to it

Question 40

What three muscles arise from the styloid process?

Answer 40

the stylohyoid, stylopharyngeus, and the styloglossus (7,9, and 12)

Question 41

What four bones contribute to the pterion?

Answer 41

Frontal Bone Parietal Bone Temporal Bone (Squamous Part) Greater Wing of Sphenoid Bone

Question 42

Which nerve passes through the mandibular notch?

Answer 42

masseteric branch

Question 43

Describe the course of the buccal n.

Answer 43

Embedded in the anterior fibers of temporalis near its insertion, and becomes cutaneous at the buccal fat pad

Question 44

Tributaries from the pterygoid plexus form what?

Answer 44

maxillary v.

Question 45

What attaches to the lingua of the mandible?

Answer 45

the sphenomandibular ligament

Question 46

What n. and a. pass through the heads of the lateral pterygoid?

Answer 46

the buccal n. of 5 and the maxillary a.

Question 47

The medial pterygoid plate originates on which two bones?

Answer 47

the maxilla and the lateral plate of the sphenoid

Question 48

The TMJ inserts on what two points on the temporal bone?

Answer 48

the articular tubercle and the mandibular fossa (and inserts on the condylar process of the mandible)

Question 49

What is the anterior tonsillar pillar?

Answer 49

palatoglossus fold

Question 50

What is the posterior tonsillar pillar?

Answer 50

palatopharyngeal fold

Question 51

What innervates the palatopharyngeus and palatoglossus mm.?

Answer 51

the pharyngeal branch of the vagus

Question 52

What forms the hard palate?

Answer 52

the palatine process of the maxilla and the horizontal process of the palatine bone