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Evolution and Biological Diversity > Lab Practical 2 > Flashcards

Lab Practical 2 Flashcards

(127 cards)

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1
Q

How to recognize cyanobacteria

A
  • Prokaryotes
  • No organelles
  • Cell wall
  • Green
  • small
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2
Q

Blue-green algae Akinete

A

a thick-walled, non-motile, dormant cell formed by filamentous, heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria; Specialized for surviving adverse conditions

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3
Q

Blue-green algae Heterocyst

A

Site of N-fixation

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4
Q

N-fixation

A

the process where atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into usable forms like ammonia (NH3) or nitrates (NO3-) by bacteria

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5
Q

Trichome

A

filamentous row of cells

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6
Q

Sheath

A

mucilaginous layer of blue-green algae

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7
Q

Archaeplastida

A

Red and Green Algae, land plants; share a common ancestor that obtained plastid through endosymbiosis of cyanobacteria

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8
Q

Chlorophyta

A
  • Uni- or multicellular
  • Thylakoids (chloroplasts)
  • Organelles
  • Chlorophyll a & b
  • Sometimes flagellated
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9
Q

SAR algae

A
  • Stramenopiles
  • Alveolates
  • Rhizarians
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10
Q

A

A

Head

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11
Q

B

A

Arm

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12
Q

C

A

Mechanical stage

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13
Q

D

A

Course adjustment knob

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14
Q

E

A

Fine adjustment knob

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15
Q

F

A

Mechanical stage control

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16
Q

G

A

Rheostat (light control)

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17
Q

H

A

Base

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18
Q

I

A

Substage light

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19
Q

J

A

Condenser

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20
Q

K

A

Iris diaphragm lever

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21
Q

L

A

Stage

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22
Q

M

A

Objective lenses

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23
Q

N

A

Rotating nose piece

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24
Q

O

A

Ocular lenses

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25
How to calculate the magnification of a microscope
(magnification of the eyepiece) * (magnification of the objective lens)
26
How to make a wet mount
1) Get a glass slide and clean it off 2) Drop your specimen in a droplet of liquid onto the glass slide 3) Get and clean a coverslip, then place it over the droplet
27
Identifying Cyanobacteria
- Prokaryote - No nucleus, filamentous or colonial forms - Blue-green color - No flagella or cilia - Peptidoglycan cell wall
28
Cyanobacteria
29
Cyanobacteria
30
Cyanobacteria
31
Identifying Green Algae
- Eukaryote - Green due to chlorophyll a & b - visible chloroplasts - diverse forms (unicellular, colonial, filamentous) - Cellulose cell wall
32
Green Algae
33
Green Algae
34
Identifying Diatoms
- Eukaryotes - Silica cell wall in two parts - golden-brown color - symmetrical - often float or glide
35
Diatoms
36
Diatoms
37
Diatoms
38
Identifying Euglena
- Eukaryote - Green (chloroplasts) - Single flagellum - flexible outer covering
39
Euglena
40
Euglena
41
Euglena
42
Identifying Ciliates
- Eukaryote - Covered in cilia - Complex - visible oral groove and contractile vacuole
43
Ciliates
44
Ciliates
45
Ciliates
46
Identifying Amoebas
- Eukaryote - Irregular shape - move via pseudopodia - engulf food by phagocytosis - no fixed shape or cell wall
47
Amoebas
48
Amoebas
49
Amoebas
50
1
Ovary
51
2
Style
52
3
Stigma
53
4
Pistil
54
5
Anther
55
6
Filament
56
7
Stamen
57
8
Petal
58
9
Sepal
59
10
Ovule
60
11
Receptacle
61
12
Pollen tube
62
Diatoms
- Clade: Stramenopiles - Part of the "SAR" clade
63
Golden Algae
- Clade: Stramenopiles - Part of the "SAR" clade
64
Brown Algae
- Clade: Stramenopiles - Part of the "SAR" clade
65
Dinoflagellates
- Clade: Alvelolates - Part of the "SAR" clade
66
Apicomlexans
- Clade: Alvelolates - Part of the "SAR" clade
67
Ciliates
- Clade: Alvelolates - Part of the "SAR" clade
68
Diatom
69
Blue-green algae phylum and supergroup
Phylum: cyanobacteria Supergroup: n/a Domain Bacteria
70
Green Algae phylum and supergroup
Phylum: Chlorophyta Supergroup: archaeplastida
71
Diatoms phylum and supergroup
Phylum: Bacillariophyceae Supergroup: SAR (Stramenopiles)
72
Ciliates phylum and supergroup
Phylum: Ciliophora Supergroup: SAR (Alveolates)
73
Flagellates phylum and supergroup
Phylum: Filosa Supergroup: SAR (Rhizarians)
74
Sarcodines (amoebas) phylum and supergroup
Phylum: tubulinids Supergroup: Unikonta
75
How does Paramecium expel water?
Using a contractile vacuole
76
The science or study of fungi
mycology
77
Desmid
78
Desmid
79
Desmid
80
Zygomycete
Formation of spores within zygosporangium. No cross walls between cells
81
Ascomycete
Formation of spores in ascus
82
Basidiomycete
Formation of spores on basidium
83
Mycelium
mass of hyphae
84
Zygomycota
Zygospore in zygosporangium Bread mold, endomycorrhizal fungi
85
Ascomycota
Ascospore in ascus as part of ascocarp. Powdery mildews, morels, truffles
86
Basidiomycota
Basidiospore in basidium as part of basidiocarp. Mushrooms, stinkhorns, puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts, smuts
87
Zygomycota
88
Zygomycota
89
Ascomycota
90
Basidiomycota
91
Basidiomycota
92
A clade of green plants
Chlorobionta (Viridiplantae)
93
A clade of land plants
Embryophytes
94
A clade of vascular plants
Tracheophytes
95
Node
area of the stem where the leaf is born
96
Internodes
the stem area between nodes
97
Buds
stem elongations. Embryonic tissue of leaves and stem
98
Terminal bud
located at the tip of stems or branches
99
Axillary bud
Gives rise to branches
100
A
Epidermis
101
B
Cortex
102
C
Pith
103
D
Xylem
104
E
Phloem
105
F
Vascular cambium
106
A clade of seed plants
Spermatophytes
107
Angiosperm
Flowering plants
108
Gymnosperm
Non-flowering plants
109
Gametophyte and sporophyte in non-vascular plants
Gametophyte: the dominant green leafy part (what we usually see Sporophyte: A small stalk with a capsule growing out of the gametophyte (depends on the gametophyte)
110
Gametophyte and sporophyte in seedless vascular plants
Sporophyte: the large leafy plant (is the dominant, independent generation) Gametophyte: A small structure that grows separately close to the ground (depends on the sporophyte)
111
Gametophyte and sporophyte in seed plants
Sporophyte: the entire visible plant (leaves, stem, roots, flowers, cones) Gametophyte: microscopic an hidden (male - pollen grain; female - embryo sac in ovules)
112
non-vascular gametophyte
113
Non-vascular sporophyte
114
seedless vascular sporophyte
115
Plant type - Mosses
Non-vascular
116
Plant type - Liverworts
Non-vascular
117
Plant type - Hornwarts
Non-vascular plants
118
Plant type - Ferns
Seedless vascular plants
119
Plant type - Horsetails
Seedless vascular plants
120
Plant type - Club mosses
Seedless vascular plants
121
Plant type - Whisk Ferns
Seedless vascular plants
122
Plant type - Conifers
Seeded vascular plants (gymnosperm)
123
Plant type - Monocots
Seeded vascular plants (angiosperm)
124
Plant type - Dicots
Seeded vascular plants (angiosperm)
125
The phyla of seed plants we covered
Coniferophyta
126
Diploid
Sporophyte Stage
127
Haploid
Gametophyte Stage

Evolution and Biological Diversity (17 decks)

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