Lab Quiz 2 Flashcards
tophat chapter 4 and week 2 lecture (8 cards)
what are the major sections of the brainstem?
midbrain: area above the pons that lies anterior to the cerebral aqueduct
pons (metencephalon): large bump underneath the mid-brain, lies anterior to the 4th ventricle
open medulla (myelencephalon): beneath the pons, wider part of the medulla
closed medulla (myelencephalon): more distal, narrow end of the medulla
what are the anterior-to-posterior divisions of the brainstem?
anterior region of the brainstem in the basal brainstem while the posterior region is the tegmentum, the tectum is a bump that lies on the posterior side of the cerebral aqueduct above the cerebellum (where the superior and inferior colliculi lie)
where are cranial nerves III, V, and XII located on the brain?
CN III (oculomotor): thick nerves medial to the cerebral peduncles, lie on the anterior side of the pons underneath the optic chiasm
CN V (trigeminal): thick nerves on the lateral side of the pons, passing through the middle cerebellar peduncle
CN XII (hypoglossal): most superior nerves on the medulla, pass between the olives and pyramids, look like bumps on the anterior side of the model
what is the anatomy of the anterior side of the brainstem?
cerebral peduncles: bumps above the pons on either side of CNIII
interpeduncular fossa: depression between the two cerebral peduncles, medial to CNIII
basal pons: main area of the pons on the anterior side of the brainstem
pyramid: bumps on the middle of the medulla, medial to the olives
olives: bumps on the lateral sides of the medulla, lateral to the pyramids
what is the anatomy of the posterior side of the brainstem?
superior colliculus: top two bumps of the four at the top of the brainstem
inferior colliculus: bottom two bumps of the four at the top of the brainstem
middle cerebellar peduncle: large bumps lateral to the rhomboid fossa, connected to the pons
inferior cerebellar peduncle: bottom of the nike swoosh, between the middle and superior cerebellar peduncles
superior cerebellar peduncles: medial side/tail of the nike swoosh, forms arch above rhomboid fossa
rhomboid fossa (floor of 4th ventricle): below the arch formed by the MCP, forms a diamond shape
obex: point at the bottom of the rhomboid fossa
what is the gross anatomy of the cerebellum?
gyri = follia
sulci = fissures
vermis: center of the two lobes of the cerebellum
cerebellar tonsil: bump underneath the cerebellum directly behind the medulla
what are the two types of MRIs?
T1: ventricles and spaces appear dark
T2: ventricles and spaces appear white
where are the midbrain, cerebral aqueduct, superior colliculus, basal pons, medulla, cerebellum, and 4th ventricle on an MRI of a sheep and human brain?
end of tophat chapter 4 and slides contain images to practice off of
