Lab quiz 2 pt2 Flashcards by peng Lin

DEFINE: CELLULAR IMMUNITY

Direct immunity mediated by T cells

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DEFINE: HUMORAL IMMUNITY

Indirect immunity mediated by B cells

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EACH MONOMER OF AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSISTS OF A HEAVY AND LIGHT CHAIN BOUND TOGETHER BY ____________

Disulfide Bridges

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ELISA IS AN AN ACRONYM FOR WHAT?

Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay

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GIVE ONE CHARACTERISTIC AREA INSIDE A TONSIL

Follicles

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GIVE ONE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

ability to differentiate self from non-self

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GIVE ONE EXAMPLE OF A LYMPHOID ORGAN

Spleen, thymus

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GIVE ONE FUNCTION OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

immune response

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GIVE ONE OF THE CONSTITUENT PARTS OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

LYMPHATIC VESSELS

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HEAVY CHAINS AND LIGHT CHAINS HAVE A ____________, IN WHICH THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE IS IDENTICAL IN BOTH CHAINS

Constant Region

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HEAVY CHAINS AND LIGHT CHAINS HAVE A CONSTANT ( C ) REGION IN WHICH THE AMINO ACID SEQUENCE IS IDENTICAL IN BOTH CHAINS, AND A _____________, WHICH DIFFERS IN THE IMMUNOGLOBULINS FORMED IN RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT ANTIGENS

Variable Region

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INVAGINATIONS OF THE MUCOSAL EPITHELIUM OF THE TONSILS ARE CALLED?

Crypts

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LYMPH CIRCULATES THROUGH __________ BEFORE EXITING THE NODE

Lymph Sinuses

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LYMPH ENTERS THE LYMPH NODE VIA ______________

Afferent Vessels

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LYMPH EXITS THE LYMPH NODE VIA THE ______________

Efferent Vessels

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LYMPH IS FILTERED THROUGH WHAT BEAN-SHAPED STRUCTURES?

Lymph Nodes

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LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES SEND LYMPH TO LYMPHATIC EVESSELS AND THE LARGER______________

Lymphatic Collecting Vessels

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LYMPHATIC COLLECTING VESSELS SEND LYMPH TO THE LARGER_________ BEFORE SENDING IT BACK TO VASCULAR CIRCULATION

Lymphatic Trunks

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LYMPHOCYTES BECOME______________ AN EVENT INDICATED BY THE APPEARANCES OF SPECIFIC CELL-SURFACE PROTEINS THAT ENABLE THE LYMPHOCYTES TO RESPOND (BY BINDING) TO A PARTICULAR ANTIGEN

Immunocompetent

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MACROMOLECULES THAT ARE CAPABLE OF PROVOKING AN IMMUNE REPONSE AND REACTING WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEMS PRODUCTS ARE SAID TO BE__________

Antigenic

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NAME ONE AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

Multiple Sclerosis

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NAME ONE PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGAN

Thymus

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NAME ONE SECONDARY LYMPHOID AREA

Lymph nodes/ spleen/ tonsils/ appendix

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NAME TWO OF THE FIVE CLASSES OF IMMUNOGLOBINS

IgM, IgG, IgD, IgA, IgE (list any 2)

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ORIGINALLY USED TO MEASURE ANTIBODY TITER, _____________ HAS BEEN MODIFIED FOR USE IN HIV-1 BLOOD SCREENING

ELISA

SWOLLEN GLANDS REFERS TO THE SWELLING OF WHAT CLUSTERED STRUCTURES?

Lymph Nodes

THE _____________ IS A FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM THAT RECOGNIZES SOMETHING AS FOREIGN AND ACTS TO DESTROY OR NEUTRALIZE IT

Adaptive Immune System

THE ACCUMULATION OF FLUID IN TISSUES IS CALLED____________

Edema

THE BULK OF THE SPLEEN CONSISTS OF _____________ COMPOSED OF VENOUS SINUSES AND AREAS OF RETICULAR TISSUE AND MACROPHAGES

Red Pulp

THE ENLARGED TERMINUS OF THE THORACIC DUCT THAT RECEIVES LYMPH FROM THE DIGESTIVE VISCERA IS CALLED______________

Cisterna Chyli

THE HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CHAIN OF AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN IS CALLED ITS _________________

Heavy Chain(s)

THE IMMUNE RESPONSE PROTECTS US FROM WHAT (GIVE ONLY ONE ANSWER)?

Bacterial/ viral infections

THE INTERNAL PART OF THE LYMPH NODE WITH CELLS THAT ARE ARRANGED IN A CORD-LIKE FASHION IS CALLED THE __________

Medulla

THE LARGE___________RECEIVES LYMPH FROM THE BULK OF THE BODY

Thoracic Duct

THE LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT CHAIN OF AN IMMUNOGLOBULIN IS CALLED IT'S _________________

Light Chain(s)

THE OUTER REGION OF THE LYMPH NODE IS CALLED THE ___________

Cortex

THE PART OF THE CORTEX OF THE LYMPH NODES THAT CONTAIN RAPIDLY DIVIDING B CELLS AND HAVE CELLS ARRANGED INTO GLOBULAR MASSES IS CALLED__________

Germinal Centers

THE VARIABLE REGIONS OF THE LIGHT AND HEAVY CHAINS IN EACH ARM OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSTRUCT ONE _____________ WHICH IS UNIQUELY SHAPED TO FIT A SPECIFIC ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT OF AN ANITGEN

Antigen-Binding Site

THE VARIABLE REGIONS OF THE LIGHT AND HEAVY CHAINS IN EACH ARM OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSTRUCT ONE ANTIGEN-BINDING SITE WHICH IS UNIQUELY SHAPED TO FIT A SPECIFIC __________________ OF AN ANTIGEN

Antigenic Determinant

THESE PHAGOTITIC CELLS ARE FOUND INSIDE LYMPH NODES AND DESTROY BACTERIA, CANCER CELLS, AND OTHER FOREIGN MATTER FOUND IN THE LYMPHATIC STREAM

Macrophages

WHAT DO PLASMA CELLS PRODUCE?

Antibodies / agglutinins

WHAT IS THE AREA OF RETICULAR TISSUE AND MACROPHAGES WITHIN THE SPLEEN CALLED?

Splenic Cords

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF THE INVOLUTION (SHRINKING) OF THE THYMUS WITH AGE

Immunodefiency of the elderly

WHAT IS THE FIBROUS OUTER COVERING OF THE LYMPH NODE CALLED?

Capsule (Fibrous)

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CRYPTS OF THE TONSILS?

Trap bacteria and other foreign matter to be destroyed

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF WHITE PULP?

Immune function of the spleen

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE AREA FROM WHICH EFFERENT VESSELS EXIT THE LYMPH NODE?

Hilum

WHAT PREVENTS LYMPH BACKFLOW IN LYMPHATIC VESSELS?

Valves

WHERE DO B CELLS/ LYMPHOCYTES DIFFERENTIATE?

Bone marrow

WHERE DO T CELLS/ LYMPHOCYTES DIFFERENTIATE?

Thymus

HEART WHEN BATHED IN A SOLUTION WITH WARM RINGER'S?

speeds up heart rate

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH ATROPINE SULFATE?

speeds up heart rate

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH CALCIUM IONS?

Strengthens heart contractions

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH COLD RINGER'S?

slows down heart rate

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH DIGITALIS?

slows heart rate and steadies contraction

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH EPINEPHRINE?

speeds up heart rate

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH PILOCARPINE?

slows down heart rate

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH POTASSIUM IONS?

weakens heart contractions

HEART WHEN BATHED IN SOLUTION WITH SODIUM IONS?

Weakens heart contractions

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROL ON THE HEART?

slows the heart rate

WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROL ON THE HEART?

speeds up the heart rate

What is the equation for the MAP, mean arterial pressure?

MAP = (2D+S)/3

How do you calculate the pulse pressure?

Pulse Pressure = Systolic - Diastolic

Number of Platelets

250,000-400,000 per mm3

Number of WBCs

4,800-10,800 per mm3

Number of Leukocytes

5,000-10,000 per mm3

Cholesterol level

Anything below 200 mg/dl

Type A %

39%

Type AB %

Type B %

12%

Type O %

45%

Basophil %

Less than 1%

Lymphocyte %

25% +

Eosinophil %

2-4%

Neutrophil %

50-70%

Monocyte %

3-8%

RBC healthy female

4.3-5.5 million per mm3

RBC healthy male

4.5-6.0 million per mm3

RBC anemic male

Below 4.5 million per mn3

RBC anemic female

Below 4.3 million per mm3