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Anatomy and Physiology II > Lab: Respiratory + Urinary > Flashcards

Lab: Respiratory + Urinary Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Where at the kidneys located?

A

Retro peritoneum in the abdomen

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2
Q

What is in front of the kidneys?

A

R anterior: ascending colon
L anterior: descending colon

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3
Q

Infection of the peritaneum

A

Peritinitis

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4
Q

Where do the renal kidneys recieved blood from?

A

Aorta

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5
Q

Superior mesenteric artery crosses:

A

Anterior to left renal vein

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6
Q

Ureter cross what in the pelvis:

A

External iliac artery

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7
Q

Indentation

A

Hilus

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8
Q

Arterial sequence of events before glomerulus

A

Abdominal aorta
Renal artery
Segmental artery
Interlobar artery
Arcuate artery
Corticale radiate artery
Afferent arteriole

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9
Q

Where are glomerali found?

A

Cortex of kidney

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10
Q

Order of Nephron Tubules

A

Bowmans capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Descending loop of henle
Ascending loop of henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
Papillary duct
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter

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11
Q

After tubules hit papilla what is the order of them

A

Papillary duct
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter

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12
Q

Arterial sequence of events after glomerulus

A

Glomerulus
Efferent arteriole
Peritubular capillaries (vasa recta)
Cortical radiate vein
Arcuate vein
Interlobar vein
Renal vein
Inferior vena cava

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13
Q

What is the ureters tissue type?

A

Smooth muscle innervated by ANS

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14
Q

Rhythmic contraction of muscle pushing fluid from one direction

A

Rhythmic peristalsis

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15
Q

Where do ureters enter the urinary bladder?

A

Posterior surfaces of urinary bladder

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16
Q

Elevations of internal lining of urinary bladder

A

Rugae

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17
Q

Triangular elevations of muscle between the uereteral openings

A

Trigone

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18
Q

Infection in urinary bladder

A

Cystitis

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19
Q

What is the muscle of the urinary bladder?

A

Detrusor muscle

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20
Q

The amt of air inhaled and then exhaled during a single normal breath

A

Tidal volume (500 ml)

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21
Q

The extra air that can be inhaled after a normal inspiration.

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
(M: 3100 ml + F: 1900ml)

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22
Q

The amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal passive expiration

A

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
(M: 1200 ml + F: 700ml)

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23
Q

The quantity of air left in lungs that cannot be exhaled

A

Residual Volume RV
(M: 1200 ml + F: 1100 ml)

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24
Q

The sum of the first three lung volumes
Maximum amount of air that can be exchanged by the lungs
(TV + IRV + ERV)

A

Vital Capacity (VC)
(M: 4800 ml + F: 3100 ml)

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25
The sum of TV + IRV + ERV + RV
Total Lung Capacity (TLC) (M: 6000 ml + F: 4200 ml)
26
Measures that capacity of the lungs
Wet Spirometer
27
Maximum amt. of air that can inspire after a normal tidal volume expiration
Inspiratory Capacity IC = TV + IRV (M: 3600 ml + F: 2400)
28
Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal tidal volume expiration
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) ERV + RV
29
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2 lobes
30
How many lobes does the right lung have?
3 lobes
31
What is the most important function of the larynx? 2ndary function?
Controls airflow Speaking
32
What kind of muscle is the diaphragm made up of
Voluntary muscle
33
Diaphragm is innervated by
Cervical + Spinal nerve (C3, C4, C5)
34
The outer layer of the trachea is made up of what kind of tissue?
Ciliated psuedostratified columnar epithelium
35
What kind of tissue is the tracheal ring made of?
Hyaline cartilage
36
Layers in trachea in microscopic slides:
**Mucosa**: -cilitiated pseudostratified columnar epi. -lamina propria **Submucosa**: -tracheal glands **Tracheal Ring**: -made of hyaline cartilage -chondrocytes -lacunae **Perichondrium** **Adventitia**
37
Monitors Na+
Macula Densa
38
Makes renin
Juxtaglomerular cells
39
What kind of muscle is in your urinary bladder?
Detruor involuntary muscle
40
Elevations in urinary bladder
Rugae
41
What part of the bladder doesn't have ridges?
Trigone
42
What to the ureters cross?
Anterior external iliac arteries
43
What to the ureters cross?
Anterior external iliac arteries
44
What kind of muscle is the ureter made of and what does it do?
Involuntary smooth muscle and does peristalsis
45
What kind of tissue is in the mucosa of the ureter?
Transitional epithelium
46
Fuzzy lumen
Proximal convoluted tube
47
Clear lumen
Distal convoluted tube
48
v CO2 will cause breath to
Be able to hold longer
49
^ CO2 will cause breath to
not be able to be held longer
50
a temporary arrest of the activity of the respiratory nerve center during an act of swallowing.
Deglutition apnea
50
a temporary arrest of the activity of the respiratory nerve center during an act of swallowing.
Deglutition apnea
51
What kind of tissue does the mucosa of trachea have?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
52
Tracheal ring has what kind of tissue
Hyaline cartilage
53
Abnormal things in the urina
Albumin Glucose Red blood cells Ketone bodies Bilirubin Urobilinogen Casts Microbes
54
Excess albumin in urine
Albuminuria (proteinuria)
55
Presence of glucose in urine
Glucosuria (diabetes)
56
Presence of RBC in urine
Hematuria (kisney disease, inflam. urinary organ)
57
Prescence of ketones in urine
Ketonuria (diabets, anorexia)
58
Presence of urobilinogen in urine
Urobilinogenuria (breakdown product of hemoglobin)(jaundice, pernicious anemia)
59
Presence of bilirubin in urine
Bilirubinuria (globin is split off and heme is converted to this)
60
Tiny masses of material that harden and assume shape of lumen of tubules
Casts
61
Normal volume of urine ridded per day
1L - 2L / day
62
Turbidity of urine increases
When left standing or has infection
63
Average pH level of urine
4.6-8 (avg. 6) More protein: ^ acidity More vegetables: v acidity
64
Normal SG of urine
1.001-1.035 (H2O = 1.000 distilled)
65
Dilation of Afferent Vessels:
**Increase in:** Glomerular pressure Glomerular Filtration Rate Urine Volume **Decrease in:** Blood volume Blood Pressure
66
Constriction of Afferent Vessels:
**Decrease in:** Glomerular pressure Glomerular Filtration Rate Urine Volume **Increase in:** Blood Volume Blood Pressure
67
Dilations of Efferent Vessels:
**Decrease in:** Glomerular pressure Glomerular Filtration Rate Urine Volume **Increase in:** Blood volume Blood pressure
68
Constriction of Efferent Vessels
**Increase in:** Glomerular pressure Glomerular Filtration Rate Urine Volume **Decrease in:** Blood volume Blood pressure

Anatomy and Physiology II (8 decks)

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