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BIO121 > Lab test 2: 29 > Flashcards

Lab test 2: 29 Flashcards

1
Q

Blood volume of an average adult male

A

5-6

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2
Q

Blood volume of an average adult female

A

4-5

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3
Q

What determines whether blood is bright red or dull brick red

A

The amount of O2 it is carrying. The more O2, the brighter the color

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4
Q

Most numerous leukocyte

A

Neutrophil

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5
Q

granulocytes

A

Neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil

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6
Q

also called erythrocyte

A

RBC

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7
Q

Actively phagocytotic leukocytes

A

Neutrophil and monocytes

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8
Q

Agranuloyctes

A

lymphocyte, monocyte

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9
Q

Precursor cell for platelets

A

Megakaryocyte

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10
Q

a through g are examples of

A

Formed elements

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11
Q

Number rises during parasite infections

A

Eosinophil

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12
Q

Releases histamine

A

Basophil

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13
Q

Lymphocyte

A

many formed in lymphoid tissue

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14
Q

Transports oxygen

A

RBC

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15
Q

Primarily water

A

Plasma

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16
Q

Increases in number during prolonged infection

A

Monocyte

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17
Q

Five types of WBC

A

Neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, leukocyte, monocyte

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18
Q

Four classes of nutrients found in plasma

A

Amino acids, glucose, vitamins, fatty acids

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19
Q

Name two gases

A

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

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20
Q

Name three ions

A

Sodium, Potassium, Calcium

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21
Q

Describe consistancy and color of plasma

A

Slippery gelatinous fluid, straw like color (yellow)

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22
Q

Average life span of a red blood cell? How does anucleate affect life span

A

100-120 days. Cannot reproduce or repair itself

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23
Q

Eosinophils percent and structure

A

2-4%

bilobe nucleus, large cytoplasmic granules

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24
Q

Neutrophils percent and structure

A

50-70%

nucleus consists of 3-6 lobes

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25
Lymphocytes percent and structure
25% Spherical nucleus Thin blue rim around nucleus
26
Basophils percent and structure
less than 1% | U or S shaped nuecleus
27
Monocytes percent and structure
3-8% | kidney shaped nucleus
28
Abnormal increase in number of WBC
leukocytosis
29
Abnormal increase in number of RBC
polycythemia
30
Condition of too few RBC
Anemia
31
Abnormal decrease in number of WBC
Leukopenia
32
Why are hematologic studies of blood so important
Blood composition reflects health status
33
Total WBC count Normal values: High: Low:
Normal: 5,000-10,000 UL of blood High: leukocytes Low: leukopenia
34
Total RBC count Normal: High: Low:
Normal: 4.2-6.2 million UL of blood High: Erythrocytosis Low: Anemia
35
Hematocrit Normal: High: Low:
Normal: 47 plus or minus 7 High: Erythrocytosis Low: Anemia
36
Hemoglobin determination Normal: High: Low:
Normal: 14-18 G/ml of blood High: Erythrocyosis Low: Anemia
37
Bleeding time Normal: High: Low:
Normal: 2-7 min (IV), 3-5 (duke) High: clotting disorder Low: vonwillebrand disease
38
Coagulation time Normal: High: Low:
Normal: 2-6 min High: clotting decreased Low: clotting increased
39
Why is differential WBC count more valuable than total WBC count
Because any abnormal count of any WBC can indicate a problem or the source of pathology
40
Name given to the process of RBC production
Erythropoiesis
41
Hormone that acts as a stimulus for this process (RBC production)
Glycoprotein
42
Why might pateints with kidney disease suffer from anemia
Because it is the kidneys that release erythropoitein to stimulate bone marrow to produce RBC. If the kidneys werent functioning correctly, RBC would be reduced causing anemia
43
How can patients with anemia be treated
Iron supplements
44
Long term effect of athletic training
Enlarges your blood volume resulting in a lower RBC per unit. Known as sports anemia
45
a permanent move from sea level to a high altitude area
any prolonged period of oxygen deprivation results in increased RBC levels
46
Hematocrit
packed cell volume, occupied by erythrocytes
47
If you had a high hematocrit, would you expect your hemoglobin to be high or low
High. The more erythrocytes you have, the more hemoglobin needed for oxygen bonding
48
Anticoagulate
Agent that prevents coagulation
49
Two anticoagulants
Heparin and EDTA
50
Natural anticoagulant
Heparin
51
What blood type if blood clotted with A serum and B serum
AB
52
To what ABO groups could AB give blood
AB
53
From which ABO gorups could Ab recieve blood
All
54
Which blood type is most common
O
55
Least common blood type
AB
56
Blood type that is the universal donor
O
57
Why is O a universal donor
No antigens
58
Blood type of Mr. Adams
O
59
Blood type of Mr. Calhoon
A
60
Why does Rh negative person not have transfusion reaction first time but does second
Rh antigens of the donor sensitizes the recipient the first time. The second time it does not
61
What happens when ABO blood type is mismatched for the first time
Antibodies bind together causing blood to clump up and not work properly
62
Macrocytic hypochronic anemia
RBC larger than normal
63
Mycrocytic hypochronic anemia
smaller than average RBC. Pink color from low hemoglobin
64
Sickle cell anemia
Look like they have a C shape. Deformed RBC
65
Lymphcytic leukemia (chronic)
cells are a lot larger, membrane large and misshaped
66
Eosinophils
larger than RBC, round, membrane bilobed
67
Iron deficient anemia
Microcytic hypochronic anemia
68
a type of bone marrow cancer
Lymphocytic leukemia (chronic)
69
Genetic defect that causes hemoglobin to become sharp
Sickle cell
70
Lack of vitamin B12
Macrocytic hypochronic anemia
71
a tapeworm infectation
Eosinophilia
72
a bleeding ulcer
Sickle cell anemia
73
Relationship between cholesterol, hypertension, heart attacks and strokes
Chloresterol is a component of smooth muscle plaques. Plaques narrow arteries (hypertension). They also form blood clots that block smaller vessels (heart attacks and strokes)

BIO121 (14 decks)

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