Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IM 2 > Lab Values - Exam 1 > Flashcards

Lab Values - Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Why are lab values used for?

A
  • screening
  • diagnosis
  • monitoring
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are factors that affect lab values?

A
  • age
  • gender
  • race
  • pregnancy
  • food ingestion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CBC

A

Complete blood count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Erythrocyte count (RBC) - value

A

3.89- 5.40 M/uL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RBC count

A

The number of circulating RBCs in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

These carry oxygen?

A

RBCS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Contain hemoglobin molecules

A

Erythrocytes (RBCs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hemoglobin - value

A

12-16 g/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Measurement of the total amount of Hgb in the blood

A

Hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hematocrit -value

A

37.0-47.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Indirect measurement of RBC number and volume

A

Hematocrit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Part of routine testing and anemia testing

A

Hematocrit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Critical value for hematocrit

A

<15%- >60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Women usually have a lower value in this

A

Hematocrit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Decrease number in RBCs

A

Anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If a patient has impaired RBC production, blood loss, or RBC destruction
OR
a combination of all three what does this patient have?

A

Anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Platelet count - value

A

150,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Formed in the bone marrow

A

Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If platelets are less than 100,00 what is a patient at risk for?

A

Bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Platelets count >1million

A

Risk of clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Platelet count >600,000

A

Potential problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Platelet count below 50,000

A

High risk of bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

High platelet count name

A

Thrombocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Low platelet count name

A

Thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Total WBCs value

A

3.6 -10.8 K/uL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Part of routine testing on CBC

A

Total WBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

White cell differential count

A

% of each type of leukocyte present in specimen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

High WBC name

A

Leukocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Low WBC name

A

Leukopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Measurement of % of each WBC type in the blood

A

WBC differential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Normal value - neutrophils (WBC)

A

50-70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Normal value- lymphocytes (WBC)

A

20-40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Normal value - monocytes (WBC)

A

2-8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Normal value - Eosinophils (WBC)

A

1-4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Normal value- Basophils (WBC)

A

0.5-1.0%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Abnormally large number of leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Lymphocytosis

A

Form of actual or relative leukocytosis due to increase in numbers of lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Left shift

A

Increase in the number of immature neutrophils (bands/stabs) found in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What makes up the comprehensive metabolic panel?

A
  • glucose
  • calcium
  • sodium
  • chloride
  • potassium
  • CO2
  • BUN
  • creatinine

PLUS

ALP, AST, ALT, Bili, total protein, albumin, Globulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Basic (BMP)

A
  • kidney function
  • blood glucose
  • acid/base balance
  • electrolyte imbalance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Comprehensive (CMP)

A
  • BMP PLUS
  • blood proteins
  • liver function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What’s included in the BMP plus?

A
  • albumin
  • total protein
  • ALP
  • AST
  • ALT
  • Bili
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Blood urea nitrogen value

A

10-20 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Creatinine value

A

0.5-1.1 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Glucose value

A

70-110 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Calcium value

A

9-10.8 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Chloride value

A

98-106 mmol/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Potassium value

A

3.5-5.0 mmol/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Sodium value

A

136-145 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Blood sugar

A

Glucose test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Direct measurement of blood glucose level

A

Glucose test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

High glucose lvl name

A

Hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Low glucose lvl name

A

Hypoglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Blood test used to monitor diabetes and the treatment of diabetes

A

A1C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

This test tells the average blood glucose lvl of the last 3 months

A

A1C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Non diabetic “normal” range

A

4-5.9%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Good diabetic control range

A

<7%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Fair diabetic control range

A

8-9%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Poor diabetic control range

A

> 9%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

-Major cation in the extra cellular space
- balance between dietary sodium intake and renal excretion

What test am I?

A

Sodium 135-145 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

High sodium name

A

Hypernatremia

62
Q

Low sodium name

A

Hyponatremia

63
Q

Important to cardiac function

A

Potassium 3.5-5.1

64
Q

High potassium name

A

Hyperkalemia

65
Q

Low potassium name

A

Hypokalemia

66
Q

Major extracellular anion
Transport is passive and usually follows sodium

A

Chloride

67
Q

High for chloride

A

Hyperchloremia

68
Q

Low chloride

A

Hypochloremia

69
Q

Bicarbonate value

A

20-30 mEq/L

70
Q

Major role in acid/base balance
Regulated by kidneys
Used to evaluate pH status and electrolytes

A

Bicarbonate

71
Q

Critical value of bicarbonate

A

<6 mEq/L

72
Q

Calcium value

A

7.6-10.4 mg/dL

73
Q

Used to evaluate parathyroid function and calcium metabolism

A

Calcium

74
Q

Used to monitor patients with renal failure, renal, transplantation, hyperparathyroidism, and various malignancies, monitor calcium levels during and after large volume blood transfusions

A

Calcium

75
Q

High- calcium

A

Hypercalcemia

76
Q

Low- calcium

A

Hypocalcemia

77
Q

Phosphorus level

A

3.0-4.5

78
Q

Assist in the interpretation of parathyroid and calcium abnormalities

A

Phosphorus

79
Q

High- phosphorus

A

Hyperphosphatemia

80
Q

Low- phosphorus

A

Hypophosphatemia

81
Q

Magnesium level

A

1.3-2.1 mEq/L

82
Q

Around half of it in the bone

A

Magnesium

83
Q

Important in calcium metabolism, and closely tied to calcium levels

A

Magnesium

84
Q

Monitor EKG

A

Magnesium

85
Q

Total protein level

A

6.4-8.3

86
Q

Combination of pre-albumin, albumin, and globulins

A

Total protein

87
Q

What tests go along with the hepatic functions

A
  • albumin
  • AST
  • Alk phos
  • ALT
  • Bili total
  • direct Bili
  • ammonia
88
Q

Albumin level

A

3.5- 5.0

89
Q

A protein formed and synthesized within the liver

A

Albumin

90
Q

Comprises of 60% of total protein in blood

A

Albumin

91
Q

Regulates osmotic pressure

A

Albumin

92
Q

Transports blood, hormones, enzymes, and drugs

A

Albumin

93
Q

Hepatic function and nutritional state

A

Albumin

94
Q

ALP lvl

A

30-120 u/L

95
Q

Detect and monitor diseases of liver and bone

A

ALP

96
Q

ALT lvl

A

4-36 u/L

97
Q

Predominantly found in the liver

A

ALT

98
Q

Injury or disease affecting the liver parenchyma causes the release of ALT into the bloodstream

A

ALT

99
Q

Used to identify and monitor hepatocellular disease of the liver

A

ALT

100
Q

AST lvl

A

0-35 u/L

101
Q

Found in very high concentrations within Harley but if all of tissues

  • Liver and muscle cells, heart, muscle cells, Skeletal muscle cells
A

AST

102
Q

Disease/injury of one of these tissues causes dying of cells, and released into bloodstream

A

AST

103
Q

Elevation proportional to number of cells injuries

A

AST

104
Q

Used for evaluation of patients with suspected hepatocellular diseases

A

AST

105
Q

Unconjugated Bilirubin lvl

A

0.02-0.08 mg/dL

106
Q

Level of indirect bilirubin in blood

A

Unconjugated Bili

107
Q

Conjugated bilirubin level

A

0.1-0.3 mg/dL

108
Q

Level of direct bilirubin in blood

A

Conjugated bilirubin

109
Q

Kidney function tests

A
  • BUN
  • creatinine
110
Q

BUN - blood urea nitrogen level

A

10-20 mg /dL

111
Q

Kidney and liver function

A

BUN test

112
Q

End product of protein metabolism - produced in the liver

A

BUN test

113
Q

Indirect and rough measurement of renal function and glomerular filtration rate

A

BUN test

114
Q

Creatinine lvl

A

0.5-1.1 mg/dL

115
Q

Excreted entirely by kidneys

A

Creatinine

116
Q

Direct measure of renal function

A

Creatinine

117
Q

Critical value for creatinine

A

> 4 mg/dL

118
Q

Amylase lvl

A

<130 u/L

119
Q

Pancreatic test helpful in evaluation of abdominal pain

A

Amylase

120
Q

Lipase lvl

A

< 160 u/L

121
Q

Enzyme secreted by pancreas into small intestine

A

Lipase

122
Q

Helps break down triglycerides into fatty acid

A

Lipase

123
Q

Highly specific for pancreatic diseases

A

Lipase

124
Q

pH of urine

A

4.6-8.0

125
Q

Protein in urine

A

0-8 mg/dL

126
Q

Specific gravity in urine

A

1.005-1.030

127
Q

WBCs in urine

A

0-4

128
Q

RBCs in urine

A

<2

129
Q

24 hour urine

A

Collection of urine for 24hrs

130
Q

To start the 24 hour urine what do you do with the first void?

A

Discard

131
Q

Where do you store the 24 hour urine?

A

On ice or fridge

132
Q

How long can urine sit at room temp?

A

1 hour

133
Q

Monitor kidney function

A

Urinary protein

134
Q

Normally not present in normal kidney due to size barrier in glomerulus

A

Urinary protein

135
Q

How long does PT clotting factor take to clot blood and when is it critical?

A

11.0-13.0 seconds - normal value
>20 seconds - critical value

136
Q

INR Clotting times- normal and critical

A

0.8-1.5seconds - normal
>5.5 seconds - critical

137
Q

PTT - clotting time

A

30-45seconds

138
Q

Peak

A

Highest amount of medication in the body
- level 1 1/2 hours after IVPB

139
Q

Trough

A

Lowest amount of medication in the body
- level 30min prior to dose

140
Q

Therapeutic lvl

A

Right amount of medication in the body

141
Q

Culture & sensitivity test

A

Urine, blood, wound drainage, tissues, and devices

142
Q

Obtain specimen prior to antibiotic treatment before which test?

A

C&S

143
Q

What is the preliminary report for C&S time?

A

24hours

144
Q

Final report time for C&S

A

72 hours

145
Q

How long does it take for a fungus culture to come back?

A

Up to 6 weeks

146
Q

Culture may be performed after

A

Therapy completion

147
Q

Always collect this first

A

Blood culture

148
Q

What two things are crucial in obtaining a blood culture

A
  • site prep
  • aseptic technique
149
Q

Obtain 2 separate BC from

A

2 different sites

150
Q

What is preferred over central line sites

A

Venipuncture

IM 2 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions