Laboratory 13: Organization of the Skeleton. Flashcards
What are the two divisions of the skeleton?
Axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton.
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
Consists of the bones and cartilages of the head, neck and trunk.
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
Consists of the bones of the limbs and those that anchor the limbs to the axial skeleton.
What are the bones that anchor the limbs?
Pectoral and pelvic girdles.
What is ossification?
The formation of bone.
When does ossification occur?
During fetal development and continues through childhood growth.
What are the types of ossification?
Growth of intramembranous bones, growth of endochondral bones.
What occurs during the growth of intramembranous bones?
Membrane like connective tissue layers similar to the dermis develop in an area destined to become the flat bones of the skull.
What occurs during the growth of endochondral bones?
Develop from hyaline cartilage and through the ossification process develop into most of the skeleton.
How many bones in the adult skeleton?
206.
How many bones in the fetal skeleton?
275.
Why are there more bones at birth?
Many ossification centers are still composed of cartilage and some bones form during childhood.
What are sutural (wormain) bones?
Extra bones that sometimes form in the skull within the sutures.
What are the categories of the features of bone?
Projection, articulation, depression, opening.
What does palpated mean?
Touched.
What are projections?
Sites for tendon and ligament attachments.
What are articulations?
Where bones connect at a joint.
What are depressions?
Recessed areas in bones.
What are openings?
Open spaces in bones.
Crest
Ridgelike. Projections,
Epicondyle
Superior to condyle (projections)
Line (Linea)
Slightly raised edge. (Projection)
Process
prominent (Projections)
Protuberance
Outgrowth (Projections)
