Laboratory analysis of organic compounds Flashcards
Carboxyl group
a combination of to function groups (-COOH) attached to a single carbon atom, namely, hydroxyl (-OH) and carbonyl (C=O) groups
Hydroxyl group
a functional group (−OH) with one hydrogen and one oxygen atom
Boiling point
the temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure
Distillate
a liquid product condensed from gas during distillation
Fractional distillation
technique used to separate liquids (fractions) with a narrow range of boiling points
Melting point
the temperature at which the two states, liquid and solid, coexist in equilibrium
Mixture
a substance that can be separated into two or more substances by physical means and displays the properties of the substances that it is composed of
Pure substance
a substance composed of one type of element or one type of compound that cannot be separated into two or more substances by physical means
Simple distillation
technique used to separate liquids with significantly different boiling points
Vapour pressure
the pressure exerted by the vapour in equilibrium with the liquid phase at a given temperature
Volatile
readily converted into a gas
Aliquot
portion of a sample solution used for analysis during titration
Concentration
amount of chemical substance per unit of volume
Concordant titres
three or more titres that fall within 0.1 mL of each other
End point
point at which a colour change occurs during titration
