Laboratory: Lab Specimen for Parasite Examination

Question 1

There are two ways of diagnosing parasitic infection:

Answer 1

Demonstration of parasites
Detection of the host’s immune responses to the
parasite such as detection of antibodies and antigen (serological testing)

Question 2

The two most commonly requested specimens for parasite examination:

Answer 2

Fecal specimens for ova and parasite (O&P)
Blood specimen for malarial parasites

Question 3

Examined primarily to obtain diagnostic evidence of infection with Entamoeba histolytica usually in the cecal area

Answer 3

Purged and Enema Specimens

Question 4

The only amoeba that is pathogenic

Answer 4

E. histolytica

Question 5

Purgative solutions that maybe used

Answer 5

Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts)
Sodium sulfate
Phosphosoda

Question 6

Purged materials to be examined are

Answer 6

Tissue detritus and mucus in
the liquid portion

Question 7

Enema specimens should be obtained by

Answer 7

High instillation of tepid physiologic salt solution (NSS)

Question 8

The specimen of choice for the recovery of Schistosoma
haematobium eggs, microfilariae of Wuchereria, Onchocerca, Loa and Brugia, and on rare occasions, Strongyloides larvae

Answer 8

Urine

Question 9

The bladder flukes which have prominent and terminal spine during their egg stage

Answer 9

Schistosoma haematobium

Question 10

Trophozoites that are often recovered from the urine of both male and female patients

Answer 10

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 11

Urethral and vaginal discharge specimens and prostatic secretions are examined by

Answer 11

Direct wet mount

Question 12

T. vaginalis resides in the _ for females

Answer 12

Cervix

Question 13

Useful in recovering trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica in cases of pleuropulmonary amebiasis and the free scolices of
Echinococcus granulosus in the event of rupture of pulmonary hydatid cyst

Answer 13

Sputum

Question 14

The head or part of head of parasite

Answer 14

Scolex or Scolices

Question 15

Time when sputum is concentrated

Answer 15

Early morning

Question 16

Sputum can be examined in direct wet mount with _ or _ and can be _

Answer 16

Saline
Iodine
Concentrated using N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (mucolytic agent) and centrifugation

Question 17

Useful in the recovery of blood parasites such as malarial parasites, filarial worms, Trypanosomes, Leishmania and Toxoplasma

Answer 17

Blood

Question 18

Gold standard for malarial infection diagnosis

Answer 18

Thick and thin smears

Question 19

Concentration techniques like _ and _ technique may be performed for diagnosis

Answer 19

Knott’s
Millipore Filter

Question 20

Used for confirming suspicion of amebic ulcers in lower sigmoid colon and rectum

Answer 20

Protoscopic aspirates and scrapings

Question 21

For infections with Giardia lamblia, Strongyloides stercolaris, Fasciolopsis buski or Cryptosporidium

Answer 21

Duodenal aspirates

Question 22

Duodenal aspirates are collected by use of

Answer 22

Tubing
Entero-test method

Question 23

for Entamoeba histolytica

Answer 23

Liver and lung aspirates

Question 24

Culture technique that can be used for liver and lung aspirates

Answer 24

Bovine serum medium (Diamond’s or TYI-S-33)

Question 25

Cyst material can be examined directly or mixed with a drop of

Answer 25

10% KOH

Question 26

Used for the diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis

Answer 26

Corneal Scrapings

Question 27

Corneal Scrapings can be directly inoculated into

Answer 27

Non-nutrient agar plates (Culbertson’s medium) seeded with a suspension of live Escherichia coli

Question 28

Corneal scrapings can be examined directly using

Answer 28

Calcoflour white stain Processed as histologic specimen

Question 29

Certain genera of parasites gravitate to the CNS such as Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, Toxoplasma and Trypanosoma found in

Answer 29

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 30

A brain-eating amoeba

Answer 30

Naegleria fowleri

Question 31

Patients with these CSF infections generally exhibit symptoms of

Answer 31

Meningitis

Question 32

Performed for CSF collection and examination

Answer 32

Lumbar puncture

Question 33

Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichimonas tenax can be recovered from

Answer 33

Mouth scrapings or Mouth discharge

Question 34

Collected and examined for the presence of Naegleria fowleri

Answer 34

Nasal discharge

Question 35

Mouth and Nasal Discharge should be obtained in a

Answer 35

Sterile, air-tight container or swab