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Clinical Parasitology > Lecture: Nematodes > Flashcards

Lecture: Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

Adult nematodes are…

A

unsegmented, elongated, cylindrical worm

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2
Q

All of the viscera including the digestive system, excretory system and the reproductive system are suspended in a body cavity known as

A

Pseudocele or Pseudocoelum

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3
Q

Fluid of pseudocele

A

Hemolymph

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4
Q

Esophagus of nematodes that are simple, long and slender; seen in Strongyloides

A

Filariform

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5
Q

Esophagus of nematodes that is divided into distal corpus, an isthmus and an esophageal bulb; seen in Enterobius

A

Rhabditiform

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6
Q

Type of nematode esophagus that has an anterior portion muscular, posterior glandular; seen in Filarial worms

A

Spiruroid

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7
Q

Type of nematode esophagus that is short, muscular with a waist, seen in Ancylostoma

A

Strongyliform

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8
Q

Type of nematode esophagus that is long, thin, capillary-like lined with esophageal gland cells; seen in Trichuris, Capillaria and Trichinella

A

Stichosoma

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9
Q

Esophageal gland cells of nematodes

A

Stichocytes or Stichosomes

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10
Q

Minute inflations of the cuticle, which function as tactile receptors

A

Papillae

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11
Q

Paired minute chemoreceptor organs located in the cephalic or cervical region of all nematodes are known

A

Amphids

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12
Q

Pair of minute lateral post anal or caudal chemoreceptor organ present in some species of nematodes without caudal glands is known

A

Phasmids

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13
Q

Eggs are oviposited and the embryo develops outside the maternal body as in Ascaris, Trichuris

A

Oviparous

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14
Q

Where the adult female gives birth to a larva as in Trichinella spiralis and Filarial worms

A

Viviparous or Larviparous

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15
Q

The female can produce viable eggs without being fertilized by the male worms as in Strongyloides stercoralis

A

Parthenogenetic

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16
Q

Formed immediately after sperm penetration; waxy, colorless and lipoidal in nature

A

Vitelline membrane

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17
Q

Secretory product of the egg; chitinous in nature and synthesized from glycogen and ovarian nitrogen

A

Chorionic or True Shell

18
Q

Outermost layer of the egg; has a tanning action

A

Albuminous layer

19
Q

Requires a definitive host but does not require an intermediate host; from the egg stage it develop into the infective stage

A

Direct or Homogonic

20
Q

Requires both a definitive host and one or two intermediate hosts for the development into infective stage

A

Indirect or Heterogenic

21
Q

Nematodes with only one host are…

A

Homoxenous

22
Q

Nematodes with more than one host are…

A

Heteroxenous

23
Q

Classification of nematodes without caudal chemoreceptor organ (phasmids) and is provided with caudal glands

A

Class Enoplea / Class Adenophorea / Class Aphasmidea

24
Q

Classification of nematodes with caudal chemoreceptor organ (phasmids) and is without caudal glands

A

Class Rhabditea / Class Secernentia / Class Phasmidea

25
Q

Nematodes in Class Enoplea

A

Trichuris trichiura
Trichinella spiralis
Capillaria philippinensis

26
Q

Nematodes in Class Rhabditea

A

Ascaris lumbricoides
Strongyloides stercoralis
Enterobius vermicularis
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Filarial worms
Hookworms
Dracunculus medinensis

27
Q

Nematodes that inhabits the small intestine

A

Ascaris lumbricoides
Capillaria philippinensis
Hookworms
Strongyloides stercoralis

28
Q

Nematodes that inhabits the large intestine

A

Trichiuris trichiura
Enterobius vermicularis

29
Q

Nematode that inhabits muscles

A

Trichinella spiralis

30
Q

Nematode that inhabits lymphatic system and tissue

A

Filarial worms

31
Q

Nematode that inhabits tissue

A

Dracunculus medinensis

32
Q

Nematode that inhabits brain

A

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

33
Q

Two types of muscle cells in the body wall

A

Platymarian Muscle Cells
Coelomyarian Muscle Cells

34
Q

Supporting body wall of nematodes consists of

A

Outer hyaline, non-cellular cuticle
Subcuticular epithelium or hypodermis
Layer of muscle cell or somatic musculature

35
Q

Responsible for the secretion of cuticle

A

Subcuticular epithelium or hypodermis

36
Q

Outermost layer of the outer hyaline, non-cellular cuticle which is composed of collagen and cuticulin

A

Cortical Layer

37
Q

Middle layer of the outer hyaline, non-cellular cuticle

A

Homogenous Matrix

38
Q

Inner layer of the outer hyaline, non-cellular cuticle

A

Fibrous Layer

39
Q

Constitutes the nerve center for nematodes

A

Circum-Esophageal Ring Commissure

40
Q

Oviparous parasites

A

Ascaris and Trichuris

41
Q

Viviparous/Larviparous parasites

A

Trichinella spiralis
Filarial worms

42
Q

Parthenogenetic parasite

A

Strongyloides stercolaris

Clinical Parasitology (12 decks)

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