Lecture: Filarial Nematodes

Question 1

Femalee filarial worms are _

Answer 1

Viviparous

Question 2

Filarial larvae are called _

Answer 2

Microfilaria

Question 3

Filarial worms are transmitted through _

Answer 3

Bite of arthropod (vector)

Question 4

MCF are found mostly in _

Answer 4

Blood

Question 5

Adult filarial worm are mostly found in _

Answer 5

Tissue

Question 6

Atomic Landmarks for MCF

Answer 6

Appearance of nuclei
Presence or absence of sheath
Presence or absence of caudal nuclei
Length of cephalic space
Genital cell - small or large
Excretory cell - small or large

Question 7

Sheathed Filarial Worms

Answer 7

W. bancrofti
B. malayi
L. loa

Question 8

Unsheathed Filarial Worms

Answer 8

O. volvulus
Mansonella spp.

Question 9

Sheathed w/o caudal nuclei. Nuclei are distinct and arranged in 2-3 rows.

Answer 9

W. bancrofti

Question 10

Sheathed with 2 caudal nuclei. Nuclei are indistinct and confluent.

Answer 10

B. malayi

Question 11

Sheathed. Caudal nuclei continuous with those of trunk

Answer 11

Loa loa

Question 12

Unsheathed. Both anterior and posterior end are nuclei-free.

Answer 12

O. volvulus

Question 13

Unsheathed. Nuclei extending up to the tip of blunt tail

Answer 13

M. perstans

Question 14

Unsheathed. Tail tapers to a thin filament containing column of 4-6 ovoid nuclei

Answer 14

M. ozzardi

Question 15

Unsheathed. Posterior end is strongly bent.

Answer 15

M. streptocerca

Question 16

Refers to the rhythmical appearance of MCF in the peripheral blood circulation

Answer 16

Periodicity

Question 17

During night (10PM to 2AM)

Answer 17

Nocturnal periodicity

Question 18

During daytime (10AM to 2PM)

Answer 18

Diurnal periodicity

Question 19

Day and night time

Answer 19

Subperiodic periodicity

Question 20

Both and day night but more prominent during the day

Answer 20

Subperiodic diurnal

Question 21

Both and day night but more prominent during the night

Answer 21

Subperiodic nocturnal

Question 22

A certain proportion of the population living in these areas do not show any overt clinical manifestations of the disease or any mcf in their blood even though they are exposed

Answer 22

Endemic Normal

Question 23

Persons in this stage have mcf in their blood but do not show any clinical manifestation of filariasis

Answer 23

Asymptomatic Stage

Question 24

Caused by antigens released by female adult filarial worms. Mcf cause no inflammatory changes.

Answer 24

Acute Filariasis

Question 25

Acute Filariasis is characterized by _

Answer 25

Filarial fever Lymphodema Lymphadenitis Adenolymphagitis

Question 26

Aka obstructive phase that usually takes 10-15 years to develop

Answer 26

Chronic Filariasis

Question 27

Caused by the obstruction of lymph vessel of the spermatic cord and exudation from the inflammed testes and epididymis

Answer 27

Hydrocele

Question 28

Caused by a complex immune reaction of long duration and repeated super infection.

Answer 28

Elephantiasis

Question 29

Caused by the adult worms present in the lymphatic of the breast.

Answer 29

Granuloma of the female breast

Question 30

Granuloma of the breast is characterized by _

Answer 30

Presence of a firm solitary mass in the breast

Question 31

Urine shows chyle mixed with blood and occasionally with mcf. Caused by obstruction of lymphatic vessels of the kidney and the abdomen.

Answer 31

Chyluria

Question 32

Denotes a condition of hypersensitivity reaction of the host to microfilarial antigens. Mcf are not found in the blood.

Answer 32

Occult Filariasis